{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T14:11:04Z","timestamp":1772806264407,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: There is no consensus in the literature regarding the optimal treatment for complex proximal humerus fractures (PHFs). The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, functional, and radiological outcomes, and complications, associated with the Bilboquet implant in the treatment of PHFs. Methods: The search was conducted from the first description of the Bilboquet device in 1994 to June 2024, across PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using specific keywords such as (\u201cBilboquet\u201d OR \u201cBilboquet prosthesis\u201d OR \u201cBilboquet device\u201d) AND (\u201cproximal humerus fracture\u201d OR \u201cshoulder fracture\u201d), along with Boolean operators. The inclusion criteria comprised studies published in English or French that focused on the use of the Bilboquet implant for PHFs. Eligible study designs included case series, cohort studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and non-RCTs evaluating clinical, functional, and radiological outcomes, and complications. Studies that do not contain relevant results to this systematic review, pediatric populations, or the use of alternative implants were excluded. Results: A total of eight studies (235 patients) published between 1996 and 2021 were included. The mean age was 68.6 years (56 to 76.8) in all the studies. The majority of patients, 76.2%, were females, with male patients accounting for only 23.8%. A total of 10 (4.3%) patients had 2-part fractures, 40% of patients had 3-part fractures, and 55.7% of patients had 4-part fractures. The mean follow-up was 36.4 months (25.8\u201388.7), with a mean constant score of 69.7 (62\u201378.6). Complications included non-union in 2.65% of cases, avascular necrosis in 19.7%, revision surgery in 5.1%, and protrusion of the staple in 4.3%. Conclusions: Despite limited knowledge of the Bilboquet implant, it shows promise in managing complex PHFs in both young and older adults, with favorable clinical and radiological outcomes. It offers advantages over traditional fixation methods and allows easy conversion to arthroplasty if osteonecrosis occurs. However, the long-term outcomes require further study. While early results are promising, larger randomized studies are needed to confirm its broader clinical utility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13237398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T11:03:08Z","timestamp":1733310188000},"page":"7398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Clinical and Radiological Outcomes and Complications of Bilboquet Implant for Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5912-9667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramy","family":"Samargandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Service de Chirurgie Orthop\u00e9dique et Traumatologique, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire (CHRU) de Tours, 1C Avenue de la R\u00e9publique, 37170 Chambray-les-Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8715-0402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jawad","family":"Albashri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Albashri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faris","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6718-261X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julien","family":"Berhouet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Chirurgie Orthop\u00e9dique et Traumatologique, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire (CHRU) de Tours, 1C Avenue de la R\u00e9publique, 37170 Chambray-les-Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/000164701753542023","article-title":"The Epidemiology of Proximal Humeral Fractures","volume":"72","author":"Garg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Orthop. 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