{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T13:23:26Z","timestamp":1788355406018,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,8]],"date-time":"2024-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: To assess the long-term outcomes of combined penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Methods: A retrospective review of eyes that underwent combined surgery followed for 12 months or longer. Demographic data, indications for surgery, and pre-\/post-surgical eye examinations were retrieved. Results: Thirteen consecutive eyes (13 patients) were enrolled. The mean age was 51.5 \u00b1 20.5 years, and the mean follow-up time was 67 \u00b1 36.9 months. All cases had severe corneal opacity. Indications for surgery included retinal detachment (76.9%), dropped lens (7.7%), dropped intraocular lens (7.7%), and endophthalmitis with corneal abscess (7.7%). Visual acuity improved in 46.1% of the cases, though in most cases visual acuity remained low, and decreased in 23% of the cases. In 23% of the cases (3 eyes), ambulatory vision was achieved for more than 12 months and in 15.4% for three years. Silicone oil tamponade was used in all cases of retinal detachment (10 eyes). Of these eyes, at the final follow-up, four eyes were attached, two eyes were partially attached, and corneal opacity prevented retinal visualization in three eyes. One eye was eviscerated and one eye developed phthisis. Postoperatively, 61.5% of the cases underwent repeated PKP for graft decompensation. At the final visit, graft failure was observed in 75% of the cases. Conclusions: The long-term follow-up of eyes that underwent combined PKP and PPV supports this technique in complex cases for eye and vision preservation. The main problem after combined surgery is the long-term survival of the corneal graft which may require repeated PKP surgeries. With this approach, in 23% of the cases, ambulatory vision was maintained for more than 12 months.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13237468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T11:16:48Z","timestamp":1733743008000},"page":"7468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Combined Penetrating Keratoplasty and Vitrectomy: Long-Term Follow-Up Results"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Orit","family":"Vidne-Hay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000 Ramat Gan, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Alhalel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000 Ramat Gan, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1144-0226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina S.","family":"Barequet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000 Ramat Gan, Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 52621 Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1076\/soph.16.3.119.4199","article-title":"Pars plana vitrectomy combined with penetrating keratoplasty","volume":"16","author":"Ikeda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Semin. 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