{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:46:08Z","timestamp":1791359168154,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jazan University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukaemia among adults, particularly in Western nations. The introduction of Bruton\u2019s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors as a treatment of CLL, namely, ibrutinib, which is a first-generation BTK inhibitor, has significantly improved the treatment landscape for CLL. However, ibrutinib has been associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and hypertension. Real-world studies that compare the cardiovascular safety of ibrutinib with bendamustine plus anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody are not widely available. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis using the TriNetX platform identified two patient groups: one treated with ibrutinib and the other with bendamustine and an anti-CD20 antibody. Propensity score matching balanced their demographic and clinical characteristics. The outcomes evaluated included the all-cause mortality and new-onset AF\/flutter, hypertension, heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and bleeding. Results: No significant difference was observed in the all-cause mortality between the two cohorts. However, ibrutinib was associated with a higher risk of AF\/flutter (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.36\u20132.62; p &lt; 0.05) and hypertension (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.47; p = 0.04). Other outcomes, such as heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and bleeding, were not different between the cohorts. Conclusions: Ibrutinib remains a valuable option for the treatment of CLL, but is associated with significant cardiovascular risks, leading to it being superseded by the newer generation of BTKis, which offer less cardiovascular toxicities. These results highlight the TriNetX platform\u2019s reliability as a real-world data source for validating clinical trial findings and highlight the importance of incorporating cardio-oncology into treatment plans for CLL patients with significant comorbidities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13237492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T11:16:48Z","timestamp":1733743008000},"page":"7492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Differential Cardiotoxicity of Ibrutinib Versus Chemoimmunotherapy in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Population-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6003-9546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Majrashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medical Services, College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying X.","family":"Gue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alena","family":"Shantsila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5202-5253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stella","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L7 8YA, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7566-1626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory Y. H.","family":"Lip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK"},{"name":"Danish Centre for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0907-8950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew R.","family":"Pettitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L7 8YA, UK"},{"name":"Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2016.06.003","article-title":"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","volume":"104","author":"Scarfo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit. 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