{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T05:52:30Z","timestamp":1776059550051,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Centre, Poland","award":["2023\/07\/X\/ST6\/00861"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\/07\/X\/ST6\/00861"]}]},{"name":"National Science Centre, Poland","award":["2023\/07\/X\/NZ5\/00867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\/07\/X\/NZ5\/00867"]}]},{"name":"National Science Centre, Poland","award":["FESL.10.25-IZ.01-07G5\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FESL.10.25-IZ.01-07G5\/23"]}]},{"name":"European Funds for Silesia 2021\u20132027 Program co-financed by the Just Transition Fund project entitled \u201cDevelopment of the Silesian biomedical engineering potential in the face of the challenges of the digital and green economy (BioMeDiG)\u201d","award":["2023\/07\/X\/ST6\/00861"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\/07\/X\/ST6\/00861"]}]},{"name":"European Funds for Silesia 2021\u20132027 Program co-financed by the Just Transition Fund project entitled \u201cDevelopment of the Silesian biomedical engineering potential in the face of the challenges of the digital and green economy (BioMeDiG)\u201d","award":["2023\/07\/X\/NZ5\/00867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\/07\/X\/NZ5\/00867"]}]},{"name":"European Funds for Silesia 2021\u20132027 Program co-financed by the Just Transition Fund project entitled \u201cDevelopment of the Silesian biomedical engineering potential in the face of the challenges of the digital and green economy (BioMeDiG)\u201d","award":["FESL.10.25-IZ.01-07G5\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FESL.10.25-IZ.01-07G5\/23"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Actinic keratoses (AK) usually occur on sun-exposed areas in elderly patients with Fitzpatrick I\u2013II skin types. Dermatoscopy and ultrasonography are two non-invasive tools helpful in examining clinically suspicious lesions. This study presents the usefulness of image-processing algorithms in AK staging based on dermatoscopic and ultrasonographic images. Methods: In 54 patients treated at the Department of Dermatology of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, clinical, dermatoscopic, and ultrasound examinations were performed. The clinico-dermoscopic AK classification was based on three-point Zalaudek scale. The ultrasound images were recorded with DermaScan C, Cortex Technology device, 20 MHz. The dataset consisted of 162 image pairs. The developed algorithm includes automated segmentation of ultrasound data utilizing a CFPNet-M model followed by handcrafted feature extraction. The dermatoscopic image analysis includes both handcrafted and convolutional neural network features, which, combined with ultrasound descriptors, are used in support vector machine-based classification. The network models were trained on public datasets. The influence of each modality on the final classification was evaluated. Results: The most promising results were obtained for the dermatoscopic analysis with the use of neural network model (accuracy 81%) and its combination with ultrasound scans (accuracy 79%). Conclusions: The application of machine learning-based algorithms in dermatoscopic and ultrasound image analysis machine learning in the staging of AKs may be beneficial in clinical practice in terms of predicting the risk of progression. Further experiments are warranted, as incorporating more images is likely to improve classification accuracy of the system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13247499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T11:17:20Z","timestamp":1733829440000},"page":"7499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Automatic Assessment of AK Stage Based on Dermatoscopic and HFUS Imaging\u2014A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9473-1239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Korecka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Slian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics and Artificial Intelligence, Silesian University of Technology, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Pola\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Da\u0144czak-Pazdrowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryszard","family":"\u017baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6237-1793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Czajkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics and Artificial Intelligence, Silesian University of Technology, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.103342","article-title":"Epidemiology of Actinic Keratoses and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"42","author":"Salasche","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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