{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:40:49Z","timestamp":1760146849783,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education","award":["RID\/SP\/0027\/2024\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RID\/SP\/0027\/2024\/01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The study aimed to assess the dynamics of changes in the torques of derotating and redressing forces acting on the apexes of deformation curvature arches during active, kyphosis-inducing exercises using the D4S device. Methods: The study group included 12 girls aged 9 to 10 years (age X = 9.36, SD = 1.52; weight X = 31.34 kg, SD = 3.28; height X = 134.23 cm, SD = 8.25). The study was carried out using the D4S interactive spine and posture rehabilitation system with dynamic, personalised stimulation. Measurements were taken during six successive therapeutic visits of each patient, each containing five repeated sets. A single set involved applying pressure on the device heads 20 times for 8 s. For each patient, the resistance head was in the right top (RT) setting, individually adjusted for patient needs. Results: The results showed that the values of the measured moments of the derotating-redressing forces acting on the curvature peak vertebrae ranged from 24.1 N\/cm2 to 39.9 N\/cm2. The analysis of the differences in the values of the pressure of the derotating head on the spine in subsequent measurements, accounting for all measurements taken in subsequent cycles of the study, indicates significant variation in pressure values (K-W = 31.0660, p = 0.00029 *). Similar dynamics of changes and variation in the results were noted for the values of the pressure applied with the derotating head in subsequent cycles of the study. In this case, the variation in the results was also statistically significant (K-W = 24.4747, p = 0.00018 *). Conclusions: The values of forces increase slightly with the subsequent series of exercises. The assessment of the value of forces may be an element of optimal and more effective training plans in the therapy discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13247746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T08:04:14Z","timestamp":1734595454000},"page":"7746","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Assessment of the Dynamics of Changes in the Torques of Redressing and Derotating Forces Acting on the Spine During Active Kyphosis-Deepening Exercises in the Dynamic Individual Stimulation and Control for Spine Device (DISC4SPINE, D4S)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5085-0976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Szurmik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Educational Science, University of Silesia, 41-400 Cieszyn, Poland"},{"name":"Cavalry Captain Witold Pilecki State University of Ma\u0142opolska in O\u015bwi\u0119cim, 32-600 O\u015bwi\u0119cim, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1422-3606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol","family":"Bibrowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Research Center of Body Posture, Kazimiera Milanowska College of Education and Therapy, 61-473 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1689-4347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrycja","family":"Romaniszyn-Kania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0439-7581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damian","family":"Kania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, The Jerzy Kukuczka University of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3714-3676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Ogrodzka-Ciechanowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Motor Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Kurzeja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences, Academy of Applied Sciences, 34-400 Nowy Targ, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7833-5845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej W.","family":"Mitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13013-017-0145-8","article-title":"2016 SOSORT guidelines: Orthopaedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth","volume":"13","author":"Negrini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scoliosis Spinal Disord."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Menger, R.P., and Sin, A.H. 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