{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T18:51:52Z","timestamp":1788634312269,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are a rare and diverse group of neoplasms arising in the parotid, submandibular, sublingual, and minor salivary glands distributed throughout the upper aerodigestive tract. Given the rarity and complexity of MSGTs, understanding their epidemiology across diverse populations is crucial for improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. (2) Methods: A retrospective analysis involving 45 patients diagnosed with malignant salivary gland tumors and treated with curative intention between 1 July 2016 and 1 July 2021 in a tertiary academic hospital was performed. (3) Results: Histologically, the most common subtype was adenoid cystic carcinoma in 12 (26.7%) cases, followed by carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma in 7 (15.6%) cases, mucoepidermoid carcinoma in 6 (13.3%) cases, and adenocarcinoma in 6 (13.3%) cases. The majority of tumors were located in the parotid gland in 28 cases (62.2%). The three-year overall survival rate was 80% and the three-year specific survival rate was 86.7%. Tumor grade was significantly associated with local recurrence and the appearance of distant metastasis during the follow-up period (p = 0.04). We also evidenced a worse survival in patients with advanced T-Stage (p = 0.038) and positive nodes in the neck (p = 0.015). (4) Conclusions: Overall, our study reinforces the prognostic significance of tumor grade, T-Stage and N-Stage while challenging the conventional understanding of factors such as PNI, LNM, and margin status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14010046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T19:29:52Z","timestamp":1735154992000},"page":"46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors in a Tertiary University Hospital in Northern Spain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9454-9464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Chiesa-Estomba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Biodonostia Research Institute, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Rodriguez-Urzay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Biodonostia Research Institute, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Landa-Garmendia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Biodonostia Research Institute, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekhi\u00f1e","family":"Larruscain-Sarasola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Biodonostia Research Institute, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0500-5578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose A.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Biodonostia Research Institute, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6668-3156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon A.","family":"Sistiaga-Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Biodonostia Research Institute, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0788-4887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leyre","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Vallejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Department, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Blanco-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Department, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-022-01420-1","article-title":"Update from the 5th edition of the World Health Organization classification of head and neck tumors: Salivary glands","volume":"16","author":"Skalova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480510003174","article-title":"Salivary gland cancer in Finland 1991\u201396: An evaluation of 237 cases","volume":"125","author":"Luukkaa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2012.10.002","article-title":"Incidence of salivary gland neoplasms in a defined UK population","volume":"51","author":"Bradley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1095","article-title":"Salivary gland cancer in the United States","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fu, J.Y., Wu, C.X., Shen, S.K., Zheng, Y., Zhang, C.P., and Zhang, Z.Y. (2019). Salivary gland carcinoma in Shanghai (2003\u20132012): An epidemiological study of incidence, site and pathology. BMC Cancer, 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-5564-x"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13090","article-title":"Salivary gland tumours in Iceland 1986-2015: A nationwide epidemiological analysis over a 30-year time period","volume":"129","author":"Aegisdottir","year":"2021","journal-title":"APMIS Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41263","article-title":"Salivary Gland Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue-Type Lymphoma From Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome Patients in the Majority Express Rheumatoid Factors Affinity-Selected for IgG","volume":"72","author":"Bende","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthr. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2014.07.007","article-title":"Clinicopathologic study of salivary duct carcinoma and the efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy","volume":"35","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"El-Naggar, A.K., Chan, J.K.C., Grandis, J.R., Takata, T., Grandis, J., and Slootweg, P. (2017). WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-022-01043-2","article-title":"Systemic and Targeted Therapies in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma","volume":"24","author":"Kacew","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Oncol."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"101893","article-title":"Oral and oropharyngeal malignant minor salivary gland tumors: A retrospective study","volume":"25","author":"Campagnoli","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Stomatol. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1159\/000027772","article-title":"Malignant salivary gland tumors in Quito, Ecuador","volume":"62","author":"Domeisen","year":"2000","journal-title":"ORL J. Otorhinolaryngol. Relat. Spec."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-023-01551-z","article-title":"Intraoral minor salivary gland tumors: A retrospective, clinicopathologic, single-center study of 432 cases in Japan and a comparison with epidemiological data","volume":"17","author":"Kokubun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3805-4","article-title":"Minor salivary gland carcinoma: A review of 35 cases","volume":"273","author":"Haymerle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3354","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32208","article-title":"Minor salivary gland tumors of the head and neck-Memorial Sloan Kettering experience: Incidence and outcomes by site and histological type","volume":"125","author":"Hay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27376","article-title":"Major and minor salivary gland cancers: A multicenter retrospective study","volume":"45","author":"Hacioglu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2006.04.008","article-title":"Intraoral minor salivary gland tumors: A clinicopathological study of 546 cases","volume":"43","author":"Pires","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oral Oncol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-019-01111-4","article-title":"Primary epithelial minor salivary gland tumors in South Africa: A 20-year review","volume":"14","author":"Mahomed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(79)90423-9","article-title":"Adenoid cystic carcinoma: Factors influencing survival","volume":"138","author":"Spiro","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000915)89:6<1195::AID-CNCR2>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Stage as major long-term outcome predictor in minor salivary gland carcinoma","volume":"89","author":"Balm","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.207","article-title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Incidence of Level-Specific Cervical Nodal Metastasis in Primary Parotid Malignancies","volume":"168","author":"Ho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. Off. J. Am. Acad. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31119","article-title":"Occult Nodal Metastases in Individuals with Clinically Node-Negative Salivary Gland Malignancies","volume":"134","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2006.07.012","article-title":"Intraoral minor salivary gland tumors in a Chinese population: A retrospective study on 737 cases","volume":"104","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2005.07.006","article-title":"Intraoral minor salivary gland tumors: A review of 75 cases in a Libyan population","volume":"35","author":"Jaber","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32792","article-title":"Distant metastasis of salivary gland cancer: Incidence, management, and outcomes","volume":"126","author":"Mimica","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26727","article-title":"Impact of anatomic site of distant metastasis on survival in salivary gland cancers","volume":"43","author":"Turchan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27307","article-title":"A molecular guide to systemic therapy in salivary gland carcinoma","volume":"45","author":"Weaver","year":"2023","journal-title":"Head Neck"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/1\/46\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T17:00:13Z","timestamp":1760115613000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/1\/46"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm14010046"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14010046","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]]}}}