{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T10:04:16Z","timestamp":1782900256778,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]],"date-time":"2025-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Silesia","award":["PCN-1-149\/N\/2\/K"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCN-1-149\/N\/2\/K"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Silesia","award":["BNW-1-016\/K\/3\/K"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BNW-1-016\/K\/3\/K"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The interrelationship of thyroid volume and function with features of cardiovascular dysfunction has already been investigated but some aspects remain unclear, especially in terms of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in euthyroid patients. Intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement in ultrasound B-mode imaging in different vascular beds (most frequently within the common carotid artery) is one of the most important tools for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in both clinical practice and research. This article aimed to present the results of our research on the association between the thyroid evaluation parameters and the IMT measured in both the carotid and femoral arteries in euthyroid patients aged 18 to 65 years taking into account the influence of diabetes, hypertension, and excess body mass. Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of data from patients with no thyroid disease who during planned hospitalization underwent thyroid ultrasound, determination of biochemical parameters of thyroid function, and Doppler ultrasound of carotid, vertebral, and lower extremities arteries with IMT measurement. Data from 45 people (females: 57.8%) were analyzed. Results: No significant correlations were found between biochemical parameters of thyroid function and IMT parameters. Thyroid volume was found to be significantly correlated with all parameters of the IMT within the superficial femoral artery (R = 0.407, p = 0.007 for the mean IMT calculated from the left side and the right side) and with minimal IMT within the common femoral artery taken from the left side and the right side (R = 0.342, p = 0.025). Selected IMT parameters were shown to be significantly higher in patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity, or metabolic syndrome in comparison to patients without the mentioned comorbidities. Using multiple linear regression, it was confirmed that parameters related to thyroid status do not significantly affect the IMT value. A significant effect of diabetes and, to a lesser extent, hypertension on the IMT value was confirmed, especially in the femoral arteries. Conclusions: In the population of euthyroid patients, thyroid volume correlates significantly with some parameters of femoral IMT. No significant correlations were found between thyroid biochemical parameters and IMT in both carotid and femoral arteries. A significant influence of diabetes and hypertension on the IMT value was confirmed, especially in the femoral arteries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14020604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T10:32:15Z","timestamp":1737369135000},"page":"604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Relationship of Thyroid Volume and Function with Carotid and Femoral Intima-Media Thickness in Euthyroid People Aged 18\u201365 Taking into Account the Impact of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Excess Body Mass"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0039-8306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz K.","family":"Jakubiak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7551-9371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Pawlas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1228-7534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Lejawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 38 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3449-5684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Morawiecka-Pietrzak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 3-go Maja 13-15 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3879-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jolanta","family":"Zalejska-Fiolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19 St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6939-9898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Stanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Diseases, and Angiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Ziolowa 45\/47 St., 40-635 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2210-8744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Cie\u015blar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2023.09.020","article-title":"Global trends in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","volume":"45","author":"Nedkoff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. 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