{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T08:22:13Z","timestamp":1786609333628,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"KAKENHI (C)","award":["23K08695"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K08695"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives. Correction of thoracolumbar\/lumbar curvature in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients with Lenke 1-2 B and C is still controversial, with regard to extension of the caudal side to the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) and method of correction. We assessed the association between change in thoracolumbar\/lumbar curvature after surgery with counterrotate technique (CRT) and clinical factors in 45 thoracic AIS patients. Methods. Forty-five AIS patients (mean follow-up 5.1 y, age 15 y, Type B: 28, Type C: 17) were analyzed. Posterior spinal fusion was performed by the placing of segmental uni-planar screws, concave rod rotation, differential rod countering, and segmental CRT. Association between change in thoracolumbar\/lumbar curvature after surgery with counter-rotate technique and clinical factors was analyzed in 45 thoracic AIS patients. Results. Mean main thoracic Cobb angle was 52\u00b0, and mean thoracolumbar\/lumbar curvature Cobb angle was 35\u00b0. Postoperative thoracolumbar\/lumbar Cobb was 10.1, and final follow-up was 8.2. Multi logistic regression analysis of change in thoracolumbar\/lumbar Cobb after surgery was performed. Age (p &lt; 0.05), Risser sign (p &lt; 0.05), and postoperative thoracolumbar\/lumbar Cobb (p &lt; 0.0001) were significantly associated with a change in Cobb angle. Conclusions. Correction of thoracolumbar\/lumbar curvature using CRT showed significant improvement of thoracolumbar\/lumbar curvature, LIV tilting angle, and vertebral rotation. Postoperative thoracolumbar\/lumbar Cobb angle (1st erect) was the most significant factor associated with deterioration of thoracolumbar\/lumbar curvature after surgery. Subsequent rotational correction of thoracolumbar\/lumbar curvature is likely to prevent the deterioration of thoracolumbar\/lumbar Cobb after surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14030706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T07:55:32Z","timestamp":1737532532000},"page":"706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Counter-Rotate Technique Is Substantial for Correcting Thoracolumbar\/Lumbar Curvature in AIS Patients with Thoracic Scoliosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9930-5100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shoji","family":"Seki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter O.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Rady Children\u2019s Hospital-San Diego, 3020 Children\u2019s Way, San Diego, CA 92123, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0286-4489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroto","family":"Makino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayato","family":"Futakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuhiko","family":"Kamei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toyama Red Cross Hospital, 2-1-58 Ushijima Honmachi, Toyama 930-8562, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yushi","family":"Yashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiharu","family":"Kawaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198163050-00003","article-title":"Idiopathic scoliosis: Long term follow-up and prognosis in untreated patients","volume":"63","author":"Weinstein","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. 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