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This study investigated the impact of episodic memory performance, measured through a word recall task, on mortality risk in ET within the Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES) cohort, a population-based study of older adults. Methods: Participants were followed until death or 31 December 2017, and divided into four groups based on ET status and memory performance (errors in the 37-Minimental Examination\u2019s three-word recall task). Cox proportional hazards models estimated mortality hazard ratios (HRs), and the Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI) assessed additive interactions. Results: Among 3998 participants, 3432 (85.8%) died over a median follow-up of 11.2 years. ET patients with episodic memory impairments had a higher mortality risk (HR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06\u20131.46) compared with controls with similar deficits (HR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.09\u20131.28), whereas no significant increase was observed for ET patients without memory impairments (HR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.74\u20131.21). RERI analysis revealed no significant additive interaction between ET and memory impairment (fully adjusted RERI: 0.11 [95% CI: \u22120.19\u20130.41]). Episodic memory impairments, regardless of ET status, were strongly associated with Alzheimer\u2019s disease as a primary cause of death. Conclusions: These findings highlight the independent contribution of episodic memory impairment to increased mortality risk, with ET modestly amplifying this effect without significant interaction. Further research is needed to explore shared pathophysiological mechanisms between ET and neurodegenerative conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14041160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T05:34:32Z","timestamp":1739252072000},"page":"1160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Essential Tremor and Mortality in Older Adults: The Role of Word Recall, a Measure of Episodic Memory, in a 23-Year Follow-Up Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1769-4809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juli\u00e1n","family":"Benito-Le\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7761-5463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Lape\u00f1a-Motilva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8192-0807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ritwik","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan 713104, WB, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Gim\u00e9nez de B\u00e9jar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla M\u00aa","family":"Benito-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Alfonso X el Sabio, Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, 28691 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Bermejo-Pareja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2512","article-title":"Memory impairment in a simple recall task increases mortality at 10 years in non-demented elderly","volume":"26","author":"Villarejo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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