{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:12:35Z","timestamp":1788995555310,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors (UTROSCTs) are among the rarest types of uterine tumors. Diagnosis of a UTROSCT is often challenging. Imaging techniques such as ultrasound and MRI are limited in distinguishing UTROSCTs as their appearance is usually suggestive of uterine leiomyoma or adenomyosis. Additionally, the value of a preoperative biopsy remains uncertain due to the heterogeneous composition of the tumor and the inadequacy of limited samplings. We present a rare case of UTROSCT in a 59-year-old woman and we have performed a narrative review of the literature on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from 2000 to June 2024, identifying 133 cases. According to our review, at histological exam UTROSCTs are mainly composed of cells resembling ovarian sex-cord elements which are arranged in cords or trabeculae, typically with a mild cytologic atypia. The most expressed sex-cord differentiation markers include inhibin, calretinin, melan A, CD56, CD99, SF1, WT1, CD10, and FOXL2. For women who have completed their reproductive plans, a total hysterectomy with adnexectomy is an adequate treatment for tumors confined to the uterus. For younger patients who wish to preserve fertility, tumorectomy via hysteroscopy or laparoscopy is the preferred treatment option and the recurrence rates range from 5% to 30%. Treatments for recurrent disease include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, often used in combination. Advancements in molecular profiling and immunohistochemistry will improve our ability to diagnose and manage this tumor. Such investigations will enhance prognostic stratification, facilitating more accurate predictions of biological behavior and recurrence risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14051430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T11:03:37Z","timestamp":1740049417000},"page":"1430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Uterine Tumors Resembling Ovarian Sex-Cord Tumors (UTROSCTs): Case Report and Narrative Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9266-3896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guglielmo","family":"Stabile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8701-4004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Vona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4329-8156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Carmela","family":"Pedicillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Antonucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale L. Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2939-9129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Arrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6588-8686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"D\u2019Indinosante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4372-4220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00136 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Stampalija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS \u201cBurlo Garofolo\u201d, 34100 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Nappi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Fritz, A., Percy, C., Jack, A., Shanmugaratnam, K., Sobin, L., Parkin, D.M., and Whelan, S. 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