{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T12:02:18Z","timestamp":1793275338162,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management stands at the cusp of a transformative era, with recent breakthroughs heralding a paradigm shift in treatment strategies. Traditionally, IBD therapeutics revolved around immunosuppressants, but the landscape has evolved significantly. Recent approvals of etrasimod, upadacitinib, mirikizumab, and risankizumab have introduced novel mechanisms of action, offering renewed hope for IBD patients. These medications represent a departure from the status quo, breaking years of therapeutic stagnation. Precision medicine, involving Artificial Intelligence, is a pivotal aspect of this evolution, tailoring treatments based on genetic profiles, disease characteristics, and individual responses. This approach optimizes treatment efficacy, and paves the way for personalized care. Yet, the rising cost of IBD therapies, notably biologics, poses challenges, impacting healthcare budgets and patient access. Ongoing research strives to assess cost-effectiveness, guiding policy decisions to ensure equitable access to advanced treatments. Looking ahead, the future of IBD management holds great promise. Emerging therapies, precision medicine, and ongoing research into novel targets promise to reshape the IBD treatment landscape. As these advances continue to unfold, IBD patients can anticipate a brighter future, one marked by more effective, personalized, and accessible treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14051536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T06:13:18Z","timestamp":1740463998000},"page":"1536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Paradigm Shift in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management: Precision Medicine, Artificial Intelligence, and Emerging Therapies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3425-7758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio M.","family":"Caballero Mateos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Santa Ana, 18600 Motril, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Biosanitary Research (IBS) Precision Medicine, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3012-3410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo A.","family":"Ca\u00f1adas de la Fuente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Brain, Mind and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s\/n, 18011 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5628-313X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Gros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Reina Sof\u00eda University Hospital, IMIBIC, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Center in Hepatic and Digestive Disease, CIBEREHD, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.04.010","article-title":"Crohn Disease: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management","volume":"92","author":"Feuerstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. 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