{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:54:16Z","timestamp":1790247256692,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Junior Project","award":["13\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13\/21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection during pregnancy on the fetus can be direct\u2014transmitted through the placenta\u2014and indirect\u2014creating unfavorable conditions for the development of the fetus because of inflammation, micro-thrombosis, and hypercoagulation. Our study aimed to determine the types and frequency of pathohistological changes in placental tissue in SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women and to examine the possible role of oxidative stress in the prognosis of the delivery and its maternal and fetal complications. Methods: This prospective clinical study included 50 pregnant women divided into two groups, SARS-CoV-2 positive (COVID-19 group) and SARS-CoV-2 negative (control group), from who we collected demographic, clinical, obstetric, biochemical and pathologic data. Data about the newborn characteristics were also collected, which included anamnestic, clinical, and biochemical data. Results: The values of the superoxide anion radical and index of lipid peroxidation were significantly different in mothers concerning the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, while the levels of the nitric oxide, index of lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase were significantly different in the newborns depending on the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Newborn characteristics were similar between groups except for concentrations of IgM antibody. The incidence of pathohistological changes of the FVM type in the COVID-19 group of pregnant women was 46%, while in the control group, the incidence was 18%. Conclusions: This study confirmed the significant impact of the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection on maternal and fetal biochemical parameters and oxidative stress-mediated placental dysfunction. Future studies should be performed with more participants and follow-up neonatal development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14051555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T04:46:37Z","timestamp":1740545197000},"page":"1555","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Association with Maternal and Fetal Redox Status and Outcomes: A Prospective Clinical Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5475-978X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marija","family":"Bicanin Ilic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9105-1350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Nikolic Turnic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"N.A. Semashko Public Health and Healthcare Department, F.F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Ilic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandar","family":"Nikolov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srdjan","family":"Mujkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dejana","family":"Rakic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Jovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Arsenijevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Slobodanka","family":"Mitrovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marija","family":"Spasojevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4421-2076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelena","family":"Savic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1975-1990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarina","family":"Mihajlovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nevena","family":"Jeremic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First, Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9625-0626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jovana","family":"Joksimovic Jovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7603-5865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bozidar","family":"Pindovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goran","family":"Balovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Center of Pediatric Surgery, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Dimitrijevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"},{"name":"Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, Y., Sharma, L., and Chang, D. 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