{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:24:03Z","timestamp":1791912243702,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Silesia","award":["KNW-1-167\/N\/5\/0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KNW-1-167\/N\/5\/0"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often face challenges in maintaining oral hygiene due to sensory sensitivities, behavioral difficulties, and limited access to specialized dental care. This study aimed to assess the oral hygiene status of children with ASD and compare it with neurotypical peers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 74 children with ASD and 74 neurotypical children. Dental exams measured oral hygiene and caries prevalence using the DMFT\/dmft, Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), and Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI). Tooth brushing frequency and dental visits were also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann\u2013Whitney U test and Fisher\u2019s exact test. Results: Children with ASD had significantly poorer oral hygiene and higher caries rates compared to controls. Boys with ASD had higher DMFT scores, indicating more caries. Additionally, ASD children brushed their teeth less often and had fewer dental visits. Preventive treatments were underutilized in this group despite a higher need. Conclusions: Children with ASD face notable oral health challenges, including poor hygiene, higher caries prevalence, and limited preventive care. These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions, improved parental education, and specialized dental care strategies for this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14061868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T12:02:59Z","timestamp":1741608179000},"page":"1868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Oral Hygiene Status in Children on the Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Prynda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic Specialist, M-Dent Center for Esthetic Dentistry and Implantology, 34a\/7 Sienkiewicza St., 50-335 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka Anna","family":"Pawlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialist Dental Clinic dr n.med. Agnieszka Anna Pawlik, ul.Strumie\u0144skiego 12\/4, 41-400 Mys\u0142owice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Emich-Widera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4135-2996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"Kazek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Development Assistance Centre \u201cCWR Persevere\u201d, K\u0119powa 56 st., 40-583 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0013-0611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miko\u0142aj","family":"Mazur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Pl. Traugutta 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0172-0571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Niemczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Pl. Traugutta 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5673-7413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"Wiench","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Pl. Traugutta 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3647","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01670-z","article-title":"Efficacy of Psychosocial Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Umbrella Review","volume":"27","author":"Gosling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frye, R.E. (2022). A Personalized Multidisciplinary Approach to Evaluating and Treating Autism Spectrum Disorder. J. Pers. 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