{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T05:33:35Z","timestamp":1766468015502,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Bialystok, Poland","award":["BB.SUB.24.389\/1.5","B.SUB.23.331\/01.S","B.SUB.23.611\/01.S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB.SUB.24.389\/1.5","B.SUB.23.331\/01.S","B.SUB.23.611\/01.S"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the profiles of sphingosine (Sph), sphinganine (SPA), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and ceramides (C14 Cer, C16 Cer, C18:1 Cer, C18 Cer, C20 Cer, C22 Cer, C24:1 Cer, and C24 Cer), along with caspases (CAS-3, CAS-6, and CAS-9), in serum and in the periosteum of the maxilla and mandible in patients with dentofacial deformities undergoing treatment with titanium fixations (miniplates and miniscrews). Methods: The study group comprised 20 patients who underwent bilateral jaw osteotomy due to dentofacial deformities. The osteotomy segments were stabilized with titanium alloy miniplates and screws. The control group consisted of 20 patients who had not yet received surgical treatment for maxillofacial defects. Results: Sphinganine (SPA) and ceramide C22 (C22 Cer) were the only compounds found to be significantly elevated in the serum of the study group compared to the control group. The concentrations of Sph, SPA, C14 Cer, C16 Cer, C18 1 Cer, C18 Cer, C22 Cer, C24 1 Cer, C24 Cer, and S1P were significantly lower in the maxillary periosteum of patients in the study group compared to those in the control group. The concentration of C20 Cer was significantly higher in the maxillary periosteum of patients in the study group compared to the control group. In contrast, the concentrations of Sph, SPA, C14 Cer, C16 Cer, C18 1 Cer, C22 Cer, C24 1 Cer, and C24 Cer were significantly lower in the mandibular periosteum of the study group compared to the control group. The concentrations of C20 Cer and S1P were significantly elevated in the mandibular periosteum of patients in the study group compared with the control group. The activity of CAS-3 was significantly higher in the mandibular periosteum of patients in the study group compared to those in the control group. Conclusions: Titanium fixations induce local changes in the sphingolipid profile within the periosteum of the maxilla and mandible, while no systemic impact on this metabolism was observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14061929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T06:53:00Z","timestamp":1741848780000},"page":"1929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Profile of the Main Representatives of Sphingolipid Metabolism in the Maxillary and Mandibular Periosteum of Patients with Dentofacial Deformities After Osteosynthesis Using Titanium Implants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Antonowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"B\u0142achnio-Zabielska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Urszula","family":"Chlabicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5609-3187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Maciejczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Borys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"\u0141ukaszuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Zi\u0119ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3529-709X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Lo Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Evolutive Age G. Barresi, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5100-2426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Lo Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariusz","family":"Szuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Zalewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"},{"name":"Independent Laboratory of Experimental Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00386","article-title":"The Redox Balance in Erythrocytes, Plasma, and Periosteum of Patients with Titanium Fixation of the Jaw","volume":"8","author":"Borys","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. 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