{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:01:32Z","timestamp":1760058092605,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,16]],"date-time":"2025-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The indirect impact of the pandemic on the diagnosis and treatment of new primary melanoma has been carefully evaluated in recent years. The aim of the present study was to investigate if the indirect impact of the pandemic in Italy could be detectable also in the second year of the pandemic, as suggested by the characteristics of melanoma at diagnosis. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 1640 diagnoses of cutaneous melanoma in pre-pandemic period and 1292 diagnoses in the pandemic period from 10 centers (from 1 March 2019 to 28 February 2022). Results: Our findings confirmed an indirect impact of the pandemic on characteristics of incident melanoma, also in the second year of the pandemic in Italy (Breslow thickness p &lt; 0.0001, tumor stage p = 0.002, ulceration p = 0.04, SNLB p = 0.03), without statistically significant differences between centers. A statistically significant reduction in the time interval from diagnosis to surgical treatment was observed, but only in centers that had to modify their case mix to address the needs of treating COVID-19 patients (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: Our study confirmed the indirect impact of the pandemic on melanoma characteristics at the diagnosis in the second year of the pandemic in Italy. We also found no differences in melanoma characteristics between hospitals with different organization. Diagnostic delays may be related to a delayed access of the patient to the entire diagnostic pathway, and therefore, especially in the case of a pandemic, policies to support early diagnosis are crucial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14062017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T04:29:28Z","timestamp":1742185768000},"page":"2017","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Indirect Impact of Pandemic on the Diagnosis of New Primary Melanoma: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4945-5677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Nespoli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General and Emergency Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Borgognoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Regional Melanoma Referral Center and Melanoma & Skin Cancer Unit, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Caliendo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Dermatologic Surgery Section, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU) Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Piazzalunga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24100 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Di Scienze Chirurgiche, Universit\u00e0 di Roma Tor Vergata, Policlinico Tor Vergata Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9652-5148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Clementi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgical Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L\u2019Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8525-084X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Guadagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgical Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L\u2019Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corrado","family":"Carac\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery of Melanoma and Skin Cancer, Istituto Nazionale Tumori \u2018Fondazione Pascale\u2019 IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Sestini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Regional Melanoma Referral Center and Melanoma & Skin Cancer Unit, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 di Anatomia Patologica, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Picciotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Dermatologic Surgery Section, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU) Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4691-9381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosimo","family":"Di Raimondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7058-5011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24100 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7763-3357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Tucceri Cimini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgical Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L\u2019Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Giarrizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soft Tissue U.O. Surgical Oncology-Soft Tissue Tumors, Dipartimento di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione Garibaldi Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8958-621X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Asero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soft Tissue U.O. Surgical Oncology-Soft Tissue Tumors, Dipartimento di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione Garibaldi Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Mascherini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostic DISC, University of Genoa, 16100 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"De Cian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostic DISC, University of Genoa, 16100 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Russano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2862-8014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Del Fiore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0831-3971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Cavallin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Statistician, 36020 Solagna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Melanoma, Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Rare Tumors, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Pennacchioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Melanoma, Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Rare Tumors, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7480-8939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Gallina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate General, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Rastrelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Heistein, J.B., Acharya, U., and Mukkamalla, S.K.R. 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