{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:40:11Z","timestamp":1760031611985,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by variants in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Recently, a targeted therapy for CF has been developed, represented by the CFTR modulators that enhance or restore the function of the CFTR protein. The most recent is the combination of three modulators, Elexacaftor, Tezacaftor, and Ivacaftor (ETI). This study describes the presentation, management, and follow-up of tracheal diverticulum (TD) in pwCF receiving ETI therapy. Methods: This retrospective study included people with CF (pwCF) on ETI treatment and followed up in two CF Italian centers who developed an asymptomatic TD, diagnosed incidentally at chest CT scan. Results: Among 268 pwCF receiving ETI, three (1.19%) were diagnosed with TD identified after chest CT and were included in this study. Endoscopic confirmation was obtained in one patient. All patients were on inhaled colistimethate, two of them for chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization, and one undergoing eradication therapy. Conclusions: TD may be identified in chest CT obtained in pwCF in treatment with ETI. Further studies and a longer follow up are needed to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14072320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T13:36:49Z","timestamp":1743169009000},"page":"2320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tracheal Diverticula in People with Cystic Fibrosis on Elexacaftor\/Tezacaftor\/Ivacaftor: An Italian Multicenter Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9986-9229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Venditto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37126 Verona, Italy"},{"name":"Respiratory Endoscopy Unit, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Tosco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, Paediatric Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health, A.O.U. Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Sepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Regional Center, Paediatric Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health, A.O.U. Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Castaldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica, Universit\u00e0 Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"SC di Pneumologia e UTSIR AORN Santobono Pausillipon, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Cimbalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Centro di Riferimento Regionale Pediatrico FC Campania, Universit\u00e0 di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3642-8928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Fevola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4266-0918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Di Maurizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Baggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Endoscopy Unit, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Avenali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Endoscopy Unit, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1106-4424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"Terlizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60327-5","article-title":"Cystic Fibrosis","volume":"373","author":"Freedman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"101637","article-title":"Update on Advances in Cystic Fibrosis towards a Cure and Implications for Primary Care Clinicians","volume":"54","author":"Terlizzi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. 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