{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:00:56Z","timestamp":1792512056261,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: This study evaluates the anatomical and functional outcomes of type 1 tympanoplasty using an autologous two-piece perichondrium-cartilage (CP) graft in pediatric and adult patients with tympanic membrane (TM) perforations. Methods: A retrospective review of 74 patients (59 children, 15 adults) undergoing type 1 tympanoplasty with CP by a single surgeon (IF) was conducted. Preoperative and postoperative audiological outcomes, perforation size, prognostic factors, and complications were analyzed. Success was defined as an intact TM and an air\u2013bone gap (ABG) &lt; 20 dBHL at 12 months postoperatively. Results: TM closure was achieved in 93.2% of patients, with 93.1% attaining an ABG &lt; 20 dBHL. The combined success rate was 86.3%, with no significant differences between children and adults. Larger perforations (&gt;50%) had significantly lower closure rates (55.6% vs. &gt;97%, p &lt; 0.002). Children who underwent prior adenoidectomy had significantly higher success rates (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Tympanoplasty with a CP graft provides high success rates in both children and adults. The procedure can be performed from age five, considering patient cooperation. In children, simultaneous adenoidectomy is recommended if significant adenoid hypertrophy is present to optimize outcomes. Larger perforations were associated with reduced success, while age had no significant impact.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14082600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T07:41:51Z","timestamp":1744270911000},"page":"2600","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Outcomes of Tympanoplasty with an Autologous Two-Piece Perichondrium-Cartilage Graft in a Tertiary Care Setting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1490-0635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Reynders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Brussels, 2610 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"MIPI, Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussel, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5762-2877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dylen","family":"Philips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Brussels, 2610 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"MIPI, Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussel, Belgium"},{"name":"Ear-Nose-Throat Department, European Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelsey","family":"Van Den Houte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Brussels, 2610 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"MIPI, Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussel, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn","family":"Van Der Sypt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Brussels, 2610 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"MIPI, Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussel, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Levie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Brussels, 2610 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"MIPI, Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussel, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ina","family":"Foulon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Brussels, 2610 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"MIPI, Vitality Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussel, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1177\/01945998211062153","article-title":"Prevalence of Tympanic Membrane Perforations Among Adolescents, Adults, and Older Adults in the United States","volume":"167","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. 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