{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T18:00:00Z","timestamp":1792432800349,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Hallux valgus, or a bunion, is a prevalent foot deformity associated with pain, limited mobility, and reduced quality of life. Surgical treatments include minimally invasive and traditional open techniques, but the optimal approach remains debated. This systematic review evaluates long-term outcomes, patient satisfaction, cost-effectiveness, the influence of patient-specific factors, rehabilitation protocols, and complication rates for these methods. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases identified 22 studies published within the last 15 years, each with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. The systematic review adhered to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Eligible studies reported on at least one of six key outcomes, and data were extracted on radiographic and clinical results, patient satisfaction, costs, rehabilitation timelines, and adverse events. Results: Minimally invasive bunion surgery (MIBS) showed faster recovery, higher patient satisfaction, and improved quality of life compared to open surgery. Radiographic outcomes, including hallux valgus and intermetatarsal angle correction, were durable, though outcomes were less consistent for severe deformities. MIBS was more cost-effective over time, owing to shorter operating times and faster recovery. Rehabilitation was accelerated, and wound complications were fewer with MIBS. However, open techniques remained preferable for severe deformities due to their reliability in complex corrections. Conclusions: MIBS offers substantial advantages for most patients undergoing bunion surgery, including faster recovery and fewer complications. However, open techniques may be better suited for severe deformities. Further research is needed to refine patient selection criteria and evaluate long-term outcomes in diverse populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14082757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T04:16:21Z","timestamp":1744863381000},"page":"2757","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Multi-Dimensional Systematic Review of Minimally Invasive Bunion Surgery (MIBS)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3167-5946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"Lonati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT 06518, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9154-3681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewan","family":"Kannegieter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT 06518, USA"},{"name":"Provide Health, Braintree Hospital, Braintree CM7 2AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4815-4503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas","family":"McHugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT 06518, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2473011419838500","DOI":"10.1177\/2473011419838500","article-title":"Hallux valgus","volume":"4","author":"Ray","year":"2019","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Orthop."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) (2024, July 29). Overview: Bunions. InformedHealth.org\u2014NCBI Bookshelf, Available online: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK513134\/."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1146-4-S1-A8","article-title":"Epidemiology and impact of hallux valgus: More than just bunions","volume":"4","author":"Roddy","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.00975","article-title":"Unfavorable outcomes following surgical treatment of hallux valgus deformity","volume":"100","author":"Barg","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Minimally Invasive Bunion Surgery for Hallux Valgus: A surgical Technique","volume":"2","author":"Aynardi","year":"2024","journal-title":"SurgiColl"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19900901-07","article-title":"Bunion Surgery: Decision Making","volume":"13","author":"Mann","year":"1990","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e350","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1759812","article-title":"A Systematic review of open and minimally invasive surgery for treating recurrent hallux valgus","volume":"8","author":"Nair","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg. J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247301142211121","DOI":"10.1177\/24730114221112103","article-title":"Early radiographic outcomes of minimally invasive chevron bunionectomy compared to the modified lapidus procedure","volume":"7","author":"Cody","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Orthop."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1177\/19386400221101950","article-title":"Radiographic and Cadaveric Analysis of Minimally Invasive bunionectomy Osteotomy Position\u2014\u201cMIS Bunion Sweet Spot\u201d","volume":"17","author":"Patel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Spec."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2024.09.004","article-title":"New minimally invasive bunion surgery","volume":"42","author":"Blitz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.0355","article-title":"Radiographic results after percutaneous distal metatarsal osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity","volume":"28","author":"Kadakia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n160","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160","article-title":"PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: Updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1267124","article-title":"Introducing levels of evidence to the journal","volume":"9","author":"Wright","year":"2011","journal-title":"Orthop. Trauma Dir."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.07.012","article-title":"Learning curve associated with minimally invasive surgery for hallux valgus: A systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Baumann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100720969676","article-title":"Functional and radiographic outcomes of minimally invasive intramedullary nail device (MIIND) for moderate to severe hallux valgus","volume":"42","author":"Biz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716656440","article-title":"Minimally invasive and open distal chevron osteotomy for mild to moderate hallux valgus","volume":"37","author":"Brogan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2020.07.013","article-title":"Is obesity a risk factor in percutaneous hallux valgus surgery?","volume":"27","author":"Carlucci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"79","article-title":"Evolution of minimally invasive surgery in hallux valgus","volume":"25","author":"Ghioldi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716639574","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial comparing scarf to chevron osteotomy in hallux valgus correction","volume":"37","author":"Jeuken","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2020.05.001","article-title":"Minimally Invasive Hallux Valgus Surgery\u2014A Systematic Review and Assessment of state of the art","volume":"25","author":"Jeyaseelan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ji, L., Wang, K., Ding, S., Sun, C., Sun, S., and Zhang, M. (2022). Minimally Invasive vs. Open Surgery for Hallux Valgus: A Meta-Analysis. Front. Surg., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.843410"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-22-00608","article-title":"Minimally invasive foot and ankle surgery: A primer for orthopaedic surgeons","volume":"31","author":"Miller","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2022.01.010","article-title":"Minimally invasive surgery for severe hallux valgus in 106 feet","volume":"28","author":"Lewis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2022.01.003","article-title":"Time to maximum clinical improvement following minimally invasive chevron and Akin osteotomies (MICA) in hallux valgus surgery","volume":"28","author":"Lewis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007221146195","article-title":"Five-Year follow-up of Third-Generation percutaneous chevron and akin osteotomies (PECA) for hallux valgus","volume":"44","author":"Lewis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2022.06.005","article-title":"The learning curve of Third-Generation Percutaneous chevron and akin Osteotomy (PECA) for hallux valgus","volume":"62","author":"Lewis","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2019.03.021","article-title":"Comparison of minimally invasive and traditionally open surgeries in correction of hallux valgus: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"59","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldq027","article-title":"Hallux valgus: Effectiveness and safety of minimally invasive surgery. A systematic review","volume":"97","author":"Maffulli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2024.01.006","article-title":"Combined distal metatarsal and akin osteotomies for concomitant metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal hallux valgus: Clinical and radiological outcomes","volume":"63","author":"Mazzotti","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merc, M., Fokter, S.K., and Sha, I.I. (2023). Learning curve in relation to radiation exposure, procedure duration and complications rate for Minimally Invasive Chevron Akin (MICA) osteotomy. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-023-06706-1"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2020.06.015","article-title":"Complications on Percutaneous hallux valgus Surgery: A Systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Miranda","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2009.06.005","article-title":"Minimally invasive hallux valgus correction","volume":"40","author":"Oliva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Orthop. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715624209","article-title":"Effect of obesity on outcomes of forefoot surgery","volume":"37","author":"Stewart","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2022.07.006","article-title":"The percutaneous learning curve of 3rd generation minimally-invasive Chevron and Akin osteotomy (MICA)","volume":"28","author":"Toepfer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007221112088","article-title":"Cohort comparison of radiographic correction and complications between minimal invasive and open lapidus procedures for hallux valgus","volume":"43","author":"Cardoso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/8\/2757\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:16:08Z","timestamp":1760030168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/8\/2757"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm14082757"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14082757","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]}}}