{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:12:14Z","timestamp":1760058734099,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Otosclerosis causes progressive hearing loss through abnormal bone remodeling within the otic capsule and predominantly affects young individuals. Surgical intervention can markedly enhance a patient\u2019s quality of life and socio-economic status. Anesthetic management may involve either general anesthesia or monitored anesthesia care, with the latter enabling real-time assessment of hearing improvement while providing optimal surgical conditions and patient satisfaction. This study examines the efficacy and safety of continuous dexmedetomidine infusion and target-controlled remifentanil infusion for conscious sedation combined with local anesthesia in otosclerosis surgery. Methods: Seventy-four adult patients undergoing otosclerosis surgery were randomly assigned to either the dexmedetomidine group or the remifentanil group. Primary outcomes included patient satisfaction at 24 h post-surgery and surgeon satisfaction with operative conditions. Secondary outcomes comprised hemodynamic effects, the necessity for adjuncts to the proposed sedation protocols, and intra- and postoperative complications. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the dexmedetomidine and remifentanil groups regarding patient satisfaction (p = 0.943) and surgeon satisfaction (p = 0.069). A strong correlation was observed between surgeons\u2019 assessments and patients\u2019 satisfaction Composite Scores (\u03b72 = 0.185, p = 0.003). Dexmedetomidine was more effective in significantly reducing arterial pressure and heart rate without undesirable clinical effects. Conclusions: No significant difference was found between the groups concerning patient and surgeon satisfaction. Dexmedetomidine infusion led to considerable reductions in arterial pressure and heart rate compared to remifentanil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14092869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T20:11:48Z","timestamp":1745352708000},"page":"2869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dexmedetomidine Continuous Infusion vs. Remifentanil Target-Controlled Infusion for Conscious Sedation in Otosclerosis Surgery\u2014A Prospective, Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Caius Mihai","family":"Breazu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, \u201cIuliu Ha\u0163ieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care \u201cClinicilor 4-6\u201d, Cluj County Emgency Clinical Hospital, 400349 Cluj Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Research Association in Anesthesia and Intensive Care (ACATI), 400394 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1240-9853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alma Aurelia","family":"Maniu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1272-8272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioan Florin","family":"Marchis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care \u201cClinicilor 4-6\u201d, Cluj County Emgency Clinical Hospital, 400349 Cluj Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Research Association in Anesthesia and Intensive Care (ACATI), 400394 Cluj Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400394 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matei Florin","family":"Negrut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400394 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R\u0103zvan Alexandru","family":"Ciocan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery\u2014Practical Abilities, \u201cIuliu Ha\u021bieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florin Vasile","family":"Mih\u0103ileanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, County Hospital, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400139 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8415-555X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Violeta","family":"Necula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2009.02045.x","article-title":"Otosclerosis 1: The Aetiopathogenesis of Otosclerosis","volume":"63","author":"Uppal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. 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