{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:23:08Z","timestamp":1792804988113,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":160,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Committee of the Ministry of Sciences and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["AP26102867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP26102867"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05tyne317","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) remains a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early detection and risk stratification are critical for improving pregnancy outcomes. This review aims to summarize current advancements in PE screening, including clinical risk factors, biomarkers, imaging techniques, and predictive models. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies on PE screening and prediction. Peer-reviewed original studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published in English were included, while case reports and conference abstracts were excluded. Results: Traditional screening methods rely on maternal history and clinical risk factors, while emerging approaches incorporate biochemical markers and ultrasound parameters to enhance predictive accuracy. Machine learning models and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven algorithms are being explored for improved risk stratification. However, challenges such as data heterogeneity, lack of external validation, and integration into clinical practice remain. Conclusions: Advances in PE screening hold promise for early identification and targeted prevention strategies. Future research should focus on validating predictive models in diverse populations, integrating AI with traditional screening methods, and developing personalized approaches to reduce PE-associated complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14092970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T06:10:13Z","timestamp":1745561413000},"page":"2970","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Prevention of Pre-Eclampsia: Modern Strategies and the Role of Early Screening"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Gulzhaina","family":"Alipova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1100-2904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurgul","family":"Ablakimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Regional Perinatal Center, Aktobe 030006, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kymbat","family":"Tussupkaliyeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5018-0498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saule","family":"Bermagambetova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygienic Disciplines and Occupational Diseases, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sholpan","family":"Kosmuratova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bibigul","family":"Karimsakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medical Practice \u21161, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7629-8737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey","family":"Gaiday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assel","family":"Gaiday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9680-7519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrii","family":"Dinets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology and Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kiyv, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akylbek","family":"Tussupkaliyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(89)90665-0","article-title":"Preeclampsia: An endothelial cell disorder","volume":"161","author":"Roberts","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. 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