{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T03:39:12Z","timestamp":1781062752758,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation (DFG)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DFG HO 5851\/2-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG HO 5851\/2-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation (DFG)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z-2\/95"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2\/95"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) W\u00fcrzburg","award":["DFG HO 5851\/2-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG HO 5851\/2-1"]}]},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) W\u00fcrzburg","award":["Z-2\/95"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2\/95"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Biomineral adhesive bone adhesives composed of phosphoserine combined with magnesium oxides or phosphates exhibit exceptional adhesive properties. This study evaluates two experimental mineral\u2013organic cementitious adhesives in a clinical test setup, investigating their potential for fracture reduction and simultaneous defect filling. Methods: The two experimental adhesives (Groups B and C) and a standard hydroxyapatite cement (Group A, reference) underwent compressive strength testing, shear strength testing, and screw pullout tests as part of a first biomechanical characterization. Furthermore, all materials were tested in a porcine tibial split depression fracture model, where they served both for fracture reduction and for filling the metaphyseal bone defect, supplementary to plate osteosynthesis. Fracture stability was assessed under cyclic loading in a materials testing machine. Results: The OPLS (O-phospho-L-serine) containing adhesive (Group B) demonstrated the highest compressive strength as well as the highest shear strength. All three materials showed comparable maximum pullout forces. Both experimental adhesives (Groups B and C) exhibited higher pullout stiffness compared to the standard cement (Group A). In the fracture model, no significant differences in displacement under cyclic loading were observed between groups. Conclusions: The biomineral adhesive bone adhesives (Groups B and C) demonstrated biomechanical advantages in axial compression, adhesive (shear) strength, and screw fixation compared to the standard hydroxyapatite cement (Group A). Furthermore, they achieved comparable stabilization of metaphyseal fractures under clinically relevant dynamic loading conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14093081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T09:00:39Z","timestamp":1745917239000},"page":"3081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Biomechanical Performance and Handling of Mineral\u2013Organic Adhesive Bone Cements Based on Magnesium Under Clinical Test Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5946-9522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Hoelscher-Doht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, Oberd\u00fcrrbacher Street 6, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Fabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, Oberd\u00fcrrbacher Street 6, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5278-2919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lasse","family":"B\u00f6gelein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, Oberd\u00fcrrbacher Street 6, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Kupczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, Oberd\u00fcrrbacher Street 6, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer H.","family":"Meffert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, Oberd\u00fcrrbacher Street 6, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Gbureck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Renner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2011.11.009","article-title":"Bone adhesives for trauma surgery: A review of challenges and developments","volume":"33","author":"Farrar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. 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