{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T21:20:18Z","timestamp":1793740818708,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":279,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Laryngeal cancer (LC), predominantly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), represents a considerable health burden worldwide. Tumour subsite heterogeneity (supraglottic, glottic, subglottic) influences clinical behavior and outcomes. This review synthesizes current knowledge on epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostics, histological variants, biomarkers, treatment modalities, and survival. Results: This narrative review synthesizes current literature on the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, histological variants, biomarkers, and prognosis of LC. The review highlights the critical influence of tumour sites (supraglottic, glottic, subglottic) on metastatic patterns and survival. Key risk factors of LC include tobacco and alcohol use, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and occupational exposures. The diagnostic process encompasses clinical examination, endoscopy, biopsy, and imaging. Several biomarkers that aid in diagnosis, treatment plan determination, and prognosis prediction have been established. These biomarkers include long noncoding RNAs, cell cycle regulators, apoptosis regulators, oncogenes, tumour suppressor genes, growth factor pathway components, angiogenic factors, structural proteins, sex hormone receptors, and immunological markers. Current treatment modalities range from organ-preserving surgery and radiotherapy to combined chemoradiotherapy and total laryngectomy. Finally, survival data are presented and stratified by stage and subsite. Conclusions: The review underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach to LC management, integrating clinical, pathological, and molecular information to optimize patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14103367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T10:58:07Z","timestamp":1747047487000},"page":"3367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Laryngeal Cancer in the Modern Era: Evolving Trends in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Survival Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alexandru-Romulus","family":"Hut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Doctoral Studies, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"ENT Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugen Radu","family":"Boia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"ENT Department, Emergency City Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Para","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Doctoral Studies, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gheorghe","family":"Iovanescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7210-1263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delia","family":"Horhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"ENT Department, Emergency City Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loredan","family":"Mik\u0161a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Chiriac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Galant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Europ\u00e9en Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, 20 Rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4297-077X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandru Catalin","family":"Motofelea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Doctoral Studies, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7755-4608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolae Constantin","family":"Balica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"ENT Department, Emergency City Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01550-6","article-title":"Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"398","author":"Mody","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"367","article-title":"Clinical, Histological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Larynx Cancer","volume":"43","author":"Ciolofan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Health Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Ferlay, J., Ervik, M., Lam, F., Laversanne, M., Colombet, M., Mery, L., Pi\u00f1eros, M., Znaor, A., Soerjomataram, I., and Bray, F. (2025, March 14). Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available online: https:\/\/gco.iarc.who.int\/media\/globocan\/factsheets\/cancers\/14-larynx-fact-sheet.pdf."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-016-4390-x","article-title":"Characteristics of Cigarette Smoking without Alcohol Consumption and Laryngeal Cancer: Overall and Time-Risk Relation. A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies","volume":"274","author":"Zuo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"2226","article-title":"Challenges of Pharyngeal Cancer Screening in Lower-Income Countries during Economic and Social Transitions: A Population-Based Analysis","volume":"13","author":"Kis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.02.024","article-title":"Diverging Incidence Trends for Larynx and Tonsil Cancer in Low Socioeconomic Regions of the US","volume":"91","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liao, L., Wang, H., Cui, W., Zhang, Q., He, X., Wang, L., Xiong, Y., Jiang, L., and Xie, Y. (2025). Global, Regional and National Burden and Trends of Larynx Cancer among Adults Aged 55 and Older from 1990 to 2021: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. BMC Public. Health, 25.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-21993-0"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J.-Y., Zhang, Q.-W., Wen, K., Wang, C., Ji, X., and Zhang, L. (2021). Temporal Trends in Incidence and Mortality Rates of Laryngeal Cancer at the Global, Regional and National Levels, 1990\u20132017. BMJ Open, 11.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-050387"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2016.11.011","article-title":"Challenges and Prospects for Providing Radiation Oncology Services in Africa","volume":"27","author":"Balogun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin. Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang, C.-P., Chang, S.-C., Chuang, S.-C., Berthiller, J., Ferro, G., Matsuo, K., W\u00fcnsch-Filho, V., Toporcov, T.N., de Carvalho, M.B., and La Vecchia, C. (2019). Age at Start of Using Tobacco on the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: Pooled Analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium (INHANCE). Cancer Epidemiol., 63.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2019.101615"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.05.006","article-title":"Joint Effects of Intensity and Duration of Cigarette Smoking on the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Bivariate Spline Model Approach","volume":"94","author":"Edefonti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.76.1155","article-title":"Alcohol and Cancer: A Statement of the American Society of Clinical Oncology","volume":"36","author":"LoConte","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berdzuli, N., Ferreira-Borges, C., Gual, A., and Rehm, J. (2020). Alcohol Control Policy in Europe: Overview and Exemplary Countries. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17218162"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.579","article-title":"Alcohol Consumption and Site-Specific Cancer Risk: A Comprehensive Dose\u2013Response Meta-Analysis","volume":"112","author":"Bagnardi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"5989","article-title":"New Research Progress of HPV and Larynx Cancer","volume":"17","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Progress. Mod. Biomed."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25693","article-title":"Asbestos Exposure and Laryngeal Cancer Mortality","volume":"126","author":"Peng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001120","article-title":"Laryngeal Cancer Risks in Workers Exposed to Lung Carcinogens: Exposure\u2013Effect Analyses Using a Quantitative Job Exposure Matrix","volume":"31","author":"Hall","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2022.06.016","article-title":"Laryngeal Metastatic Lesions: A Literature Review","volume":"38","author":"Haddad","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Voice"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2021.1952446","article-title":"Impact of Nutritional Status on Survival in Head and Neck Cancer Patients After Total Laryngectomy","volume":"74","author":"Santos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21208","article-title":"Cancer Statistics, 2014","volume":"64","author":"Siegel","year":"2014","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"S23","article-title":"Systemic therapy strategies for head-neck carcinomas: Current status","volume":"91","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Laryngo Rhino Otol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2018.09.012","article-title":"Treatment of Early-Stage Laryngeal Cancer: A Comparison of Treatment Options","volume":"87","author":"Baird","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.2174\/1568009623666221020104603","article-title":"Combined Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapies for Cancer Treatment: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.353","article-title":"Prognostic Factors in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"5","author":"Bradford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.6530","article-title":"State-Level Cancer Mortality Attributable to Cigarette Smoking in the United States","volume":"176","author":"Sauer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"1951","article-title":"National Burden of Cancers Attributable to Secondhand Smoking in Indonesia","volume":"19","author":"Permitasari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allegra, E., Bianco, M.R., Ralli, M., Greco, A., Angeletti, D., and De Vincentiis, M. (2021). Role of Clinical-Demographic Data in Survival Rates of Advanced Laryngeal Cancer. Medicina, 57.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57030267"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-018-1026-z","article-title":"Racial Differences in the Relationship between Tobacco, Alcohol, and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: Pooled Analysis of US Studies in the INHANCE Consortium","volume":"29","author":"Voltzke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32744-2","article-title":"Global Alcohol Exposure between 1990 and 2017 and Forecasts until 2030: A Modelling Study","volume":"393","author":"Manthey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2019.03.020","article-title":"Estimates of the Current and Future Burden of Cancer Attributable to Alcohol Consumption in Canada","volume":"122","author":"Grevers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szukalska, M., Szyfter, K., Florek, E., Rodrigo, J.P., Rinaldo, A., M\u00e4kitie, A.A., Strojan, P., Takes, R.P., Su\u00e1rez, C., and Saba, N.F. (2020). Electronic Cigarettes and Head and Neck Cancer Risk-Current State of Art. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12113274"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2691","DOI":"10.5012\/bkcs.2013.34.9.2691","article-title":"Measurement of Aldehydes in Replacement Liquids of Electronic Cigarettes by Headspace Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry","volume":"34","author":"Lim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bull. Korean Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, World Health Organization, and International Agency for Research on Cancer (2004). Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking, IARC."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-017-9689-6","article-title":"Tobacco-Related Carcinogenesis in Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"36","author":"Jethwa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23085","article-title":"Elevated Levels of 1-hydroxypyrene and N\u2032-nitrosonornicotine in Smokers with Head and Neck Cancer: A Matched Control Study","volume":"35","author":"Khariwala","year":"2013","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2014.10.013","article-title":"Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System on Larynx: Experimental Study","volume":"29","author":"Salturk","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Voice"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e649","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30059-0","article-title":"Opium Use and Subsequent Incidence of Cancer: Results from the Golestan Cohort Study","volume":"8","author":"Sheikh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33289","article-title":"Opium Use and the Risk of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"148","author":"Mohebbi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24614","article-title":"Oropharyngeal and Laryngeal but Not Oral Cancers Are Strongly Associated with High-risk Human Papillomavirus in 172 Greek Patients","volume":"89","author":"Tsimplaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-019-0602-7","article-title":"Human Papillomavirus as a Driver of Head and Neck Cancers","volume":"122","author":"Sabatini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bulcan.2016.02.016","article-title":"HPV DNA Genotyping: A Study of Anogenital, Head and Neck and Skin Cancers in a Population from West Algerian. HPV Detection in Different Cancers from an Algerian Population","volume":"103","author":"Nahet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-018-0181-x","article-title":"Comparative Assessment of HPV, Alcohol and Tobacco Etiological Fractions in Algerian Patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Kariche","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Agents Cancer"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, W.-C., Chuang, H.-C., Lin, Y.-T., Huang, C.-C., and Chien, C.-Y. (2017). Clinical Impact of Human Papillomavirus in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. PeerJ, 5.","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.3395"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Lima, M.A.P., Silva, \u00c1.D.L., do Nascimento Filho, A.C.S., Cordeiro, T.L., Bezerra, J.P.d.S., Rocha, M.A.B., Pinheiro, S.d.F.L., Pinheiro, R.F.F., Gadelha, M.d.S.V., and da Silva, C.G.L. (2021). Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Carcinoma of the Larynx: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Pathogens, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10111429"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vazquez-Guillen, J.M., Palacios-Saucedo, G.C., Alanis-Valdez, A.Y., Huerta-Escobedo, A., Zavala-Pompa, A., Rivera-Morales, L.G., Martinez-Torres, A.C., Gonzalez-Villasana, V., Serna-Hernandez, J.C., and Hernandez-Martinez, S.J. (2023). p16INK4a and pRb Expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with and without Infection by EBV or Different Genotypes of HPV: A Retrospective Study. Infect. Agents Cancer, 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-023-00514-x"},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"2248","article-title":"Laryngeal Cancer: Epidemiology, Etiology, and Prevention: A Narrative Review","volume":"52","author":"Igissin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Iran. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, Y.-H., Yen, C.-J., Hsiao, J.-R., Ou, C.-Y., Huang, J.-S., Wong, T.-Y., Tsai, S.-T., Huang, C.-C., Lee, W.-T., and Chen, K.-C. (2016). A Comprehensive Analysis on the Association between Tobacco-Free Betel Quid and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in Taiwanese Men. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164937"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32823","article-title":"Tobacco Smoking, Chewing Habits, Alcohol Drinking and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in Nepal","volume":"147","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2291","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24214","article-title":"Association between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Carcinoma of the Larynx or Pharynx","volume":"38","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eells, A.C., Mackintosh, C., Marks, L., and Marino, M.J. (2020). Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Head and Neck Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am. J. Otolaryngol., 41.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102653"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.10.028","article-title":"Gastroesophageal and Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Associated with Laryngeal Malignancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"17","author":"Parsel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2014-0020","article-title":"Higher Levels of Total Pepsin and Bile Acids in the Saliva as a Possible Risk Factor for Early Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"49","author":"Jerin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, S.-Y., Han, K., and Joo, Y.-H. (2019). Metabolic Syndrome and Incidence of Laryngeal Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Sci. Rep., 9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37061-0"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, H.-B., Kim, G.-J., Han, K., and Joo, Y.-H. (2021). Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Status and Risk of Laryngeal Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252872"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gong, H.-L., Shi, Y., Zhou, L., Wu, C.-P., Cao, P.-Y., Tao, L., Xu, C., Hou, D.-S., and Wang, Y.-Z. (2013). The Composition of Microbiome in Larynx and the Throat Biodiversity between Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients and Control Population. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066476"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, S., Chen, J., Zhao, Y., Yan, F., Fan, Y., Xia, X., Shan, G., Zhang, P., and Chen, X. (2023). Oral-Microbiome-Derived Signatures Enable Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Laryngeal Cancers. J. Transl. Med., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-04285-2"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., Tan, X., Zhao, X., Xu, Z., Dai, W., Duan, W., Huang, S., Zhang, E., Liu, J., and Zhang, S. (2020). Composition and Function of Oral Microbiota between Gingival Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Periodontitis. Oral. Oncol., 107.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2020.104710"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10213","article-title":"Human Nutrition, the Gut Microbiome and the Immune System","volume":"474","author":"Kau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2012.00498.x","article-title":"Microbiome and Immunological Interactions","volume":"70","author":"Kelly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1224820","article-title":"Intestinal Inflammation Targets Cancer-Inducing Activity of the Microbiota","volume":"338","author":"Arthur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.4777","article-title":"Association of Oral Microbiome With Risk for Incident Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer","volume":"4","author":"Hayes","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McMaughan, D.J., Oloruntoba, O., and Smith, M.L. (2020). Socioeconomic Status and Access to Healthcare: Interrelated Drivers for Healthy Aging. Front. Public Health, 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00231"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820907064","article-title":"Demographic and Tumor Characteristic Impact on Laryngeal Cancer Outcomes in a Minority Underserved Patient Population","volume":"162","author":"Fullmer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3719","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32986","article-title":"Cancer Attributable to Human Papillomavirus Infection in China: Burden and Trends","volume":"126","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cancer Incidence in Germany Attributable to Human Papillomavirus in 2013","volume":"17","author":"Klug","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6833a3","article-title":"Human Papillomavirus\u2013Attributable Cancers\u2014United States, 2012\u20132016","volume":"68","author":"Senkomago","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"573","article-title":"Impact of Gender on Survival in Patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz084","article-title":"Head and Neck Cancer Prevention: From Primary Prevention to Impact of Clinicians on Reducing Burden","volume":"30","author":"Hashim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.03.027","article-title":"Avoidable Cancers in the Nordic Countries\u2014The Impact of Alcohol Consumption","volume":"103","author":"Andersson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, T., Wang, X., Zhu, Q., Zhou, E., Zhang, J., Song, F., Xu, C., Shen, Y., Zou, J., and Zhu, H. (2025). Global Trends and Risk Factors of Laryngeal Cancer: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study (1990\u20132021). BMC Cancer, 25.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-025-13700-4"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liberale, C., Soloperto, D., Marchioni, A., Monzani, D., and Sacchetto, L. (2023). Updates on Larynx Cancer: Risk Factors and Oncogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241612913"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815581613","article-title":"Laryngeal Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"153","author":"Dutta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2023.01.003","article-title":"Non-Squamous Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"56","author":"MacNeil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25383","article-title":"Laryngeal Spindle Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Analysis of Incidence and Survival","volume":"125","author":"Dubal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489414525337","article-title":"Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract","volume":"123","author":"Gerry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23286","article-title":"Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx: Analysis of 145 Cases with Comparison to Conventional Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"36","author":"Fritsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E371","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25519","article-title":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Molecular Analysis Using CRTC-MAML FISH and Survival Comparison with Paired Conventional Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"125","author":"Kass","year":"2015","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.12144","article-title":"MUC Expression in Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Regions of Japanese Patients: Immunohistochemical Analysis","volume":"64","author":"Kusafuka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pathol. Int."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2013.05.003","article-title":"Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Report of 20 Cases and Review of the Literature","volume":"116","author":"Schick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oral. Surg. Oral. Med. Oral. Pathol. Oral. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S75","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215116000487","article-title":"Laryngeal Cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines","volume":"130","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Laryngol. Otol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3530-z","article-title":"Sensitivity and Specificity of Stroboscopy in Preoperative Differentiation of Dysplasia from Early Invasive Glottic Carcinoma","volume":"272","author":"Fawaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-011-1893-y","article-title":"Diagnostic Performance of Post-Treatment FDG PET or FDG PET\/CT Imaging in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"38","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_85","unstructured":"Sarkar, A., Sharma, N., and Raghavan, A. (2016). Role of Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Endoscopy in Pretherapeutic Evaluation of Laryngeal Tumors. Astrocyte, 2, Available online: https:\/\/go.gale.com\/ps\/i.do?id=GALE%7CA466753779&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=23490977&p=AONE&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7Ec07fdcb8&aty=open-web-entry."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"347","article-title":"Narrow Band Imaging as Screening Test for Early Detection of Laryngeal Cancer: A Prospective Study","volume":"42","author":"Meccariello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.14","article-title":"Integrating Liquid Biopsies into the Management of Cancer","volume":"14","author":"Siravegna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1080\/14737159.2017.1404906","article-title":"Serum, Plasma and Saliva Biomarkers for Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"18","author":"Arantes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Mol. Diagn."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar3247","article-title":"Detection and Localization of Surgically Resectable Cancers with a Multi-Analyte Blood Test","volume":"359","author":"Cohen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10202","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1704961114","article-title":"Combined Circulating Tumor DNA and Protein Biomarker-Based Liquid Biopsy for the Earlier Detection of Pancreatic Cancers","volume":"114","author":"Cohen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Russano, M., Napolitano, A., Ribelli, G., Iuliani, M., Simonetti, S., Citarella, F., Pantano, F., Dell\u2019Aquila, E., Anesi, C., and Silvestris, N. (2020). Correction to: Liquid Biopsy and Tumor Heterogeneity in Metastatic Solid Tumors: The Potentiality of Blood Samples. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res., 39.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-020-01615-w"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2013.03.010","article-title":"The Systemic Inflammation-Based Neutrophil\u2013Lymphocyte Ratio: Experience in Patients with Cancer","volume":"88","author":"Guthrie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol.\/Hematol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iacob, R., Mandea, M., Iacob, S., Pietrosanu, C., Paul, D., Hainarosie, R., and Gheorghe, C. (2022). Liquid Biopsy in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus and of the Head and Neck. Front. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.827297"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1080\/14737159.2020.1855977","article-title":"Liquid Biopsy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Circulating Tumor Cells, Circulating Tumor DNA, and Exosomes","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Mol. Diagn."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25140","article-title":"Circulating Tumor DNA as a Biomarker and Liquid Biopsy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"40","author":"Payne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2019.1695333","article-title":"DNA Methylation Biomarkers Discovered in Silico Detect Cancer in Liquid Biopsies from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients","volume":"15","author":"Vrba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7141","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-1222","article-title":"A Panel of Novel Detection and Prognostic Methylated DNA Markers in Primary Non\u2013Small Cell Lung Cancer and Serum DNA","volume":"23","author":"Ooki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2016.270207","article-title":"Free-Circulating Methylated DNA in Blood for Diagnosis, Staging, Prognosis, and Monitoring of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"63","author":"Leisse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"ref_99","first-page":"892","article-title":"Gene Promoter Hypermethylation in Tumors and Serum of Head and Neck Cancer Patients","volume":"60","author":"Esteller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24893","article-title":"Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Feasibility of Detection and Quantitation","volume":"39","author":"Kawada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21941","article-title":"Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Using the Cellsearch System","volume":"34","author":"Nichols","year":"2011","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_102","first-page":"4183","article-title":"Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer Using ScreenCell: Comparative Pre- and Post-Operative Analysis and Association with Prognosis","volume":"19","author":"Rizzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Powr\u00f3zek, T., Mlak, R., Brzozowska, A., Mazurek, M., Go\u0142\u0119biowski, P., and Ma\u0142ecka-Massalska, T. (2018). miRNA-130a Significantly Improves Accuracy of SGA Nutritional Assessment Tool in Prediction of Malnutrition and Cachexia in Radiotherapy-Treated Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Cancers, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10090294"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2020.1717610","article-title":"Serum miR-632 Is a Potential Marker for the Diagnosis and Prognosis in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"140","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Oto-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2016.57.2.298","article-title":"The Expression of MicroRNA-155 in Plasma and Tissue Is Matched in Human Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Yonsei Med. J."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J., Zhou, Y., Lu, J., Sun, Y., Xiao, H., Liu, M., and Tian, L. (2014). Combined Detection of Serum Exosomal miR-21 and HOTAIR as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med. Oncol., 31.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-014-0148-8"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.3747\/co.25.3761","article-title":"Circulating Tumour DNA in EGFR-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"25","author":"Cabanero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-021-01386-x","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence-Based Methods in Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis: An Overview","volume":"124","author":"Mahmood","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.32655","article-title":"Rapid Histology of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Deep-Learning Based Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moccia, S., De Momi, E., Guarnaschelli, M., Savazzi, M., Laborai, A., Guastini, L., Peretti, G., and Mattos, L.S. (2017). Confident Texture-Based Laryngeal Tissue Classification for Early Stage Diagnosis Support. J. Med. Imaging (Bellingham Wash.), 4.","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JMI.4.3.034502"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, N., Kim, J., Yi, H., Kim, H., Kim, T.H., Chung, M.J., Ji, M., Kim, Z., and Son, Y.-I. (2023). The Use of Artificial Intelligence Models to Predict Survival in Patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Sci. Rep., 13.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-35627-1"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brandstorp-Boesen, J., S\u00f8rum Falk, R., Boysen, M., and Br\u00f8ndbo, K. (2017). Impact of Stage, Management and Recurrence on Survival Rates in Laryngeal Cancer. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179371"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25200","article-title":"Age-adjusted Comorbidity and Survival in Locally Advanced Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"40","author":"Mulcahy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2011.06.023","article-title":"Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Prediction of Survival and Local Control in Laryngeal Carcinoma Patients Treated with Radiotherapy Alone: A Cohort Study Based on 994 Patients","volume":"100","author":"Egelmeer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23117","article-title":"Update and External Validation of a Head and Neck Cancer Prognostic Model","volume":"35","author":"Datema","year":"2012","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cavaliere, M., Bisogno, A., Scarpa, A., D\u2019Urso, A., Marra, P., Colacurcio, V., De Luca, P., Ralli, M., Cassandro, E., and Cassandro, C. (2021). Biomarkers of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review. Ann. Diagn. Pathol., 54.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151787"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.5301\/jbm.5000116","article-title":"Prognostic Value of Bcl-2 Expression in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx: A Systematic Review","volume":"30","author":"Gioacchini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Markers"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2010.01.012","article-title":"Alterations of P53 and Bcl-2 Protein Expression in the Recurrent Laryngeal and Pharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"32","author":"Rashad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000203000608","article-title":"Significance of P53 and Bcl-2 Immunoexpression in the Prognosis of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"30","author":"Yildirim","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.02.015","article-title":"C-Myc and Bcl-2 Expression In Supraglottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx","volume":"131","author":"Ozdek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jakstas, T., Bartnykaite, A., Padervinskis, E., Vegiene, A., Juozaityte, E., Uloza, V., and Ugenskiene, R. (2024). The Association of TP53, BCL2, BAX and NOXA SNPs and Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Development. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252111849"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, J., Zhou, J., Lu, J., Xiong, H., Shi, X., and Gong, L. (2014). Significance of CD44 Expression in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. BMC Cancer, 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-15"},{"key":"ref_123","first-page":"379","article-title":"Role of CD44 as a Marker of Cancer Stem Cells in Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"6","author":"Trapasso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Targets Ther."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21699","article-title":"Frequency of Cells Expressing CD44, a Head and Neck Cancer Stem Cell Marker: Correlation with Tumor Aggressiveness","volume":"34","author":"Joshua","year":"2011","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.14639\/0392-100X-2106","article-title":"The Prognostic Significance of E-Cadherin Expression in Laryngeal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review","volume":"38","author":"Re","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol. Ital."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2011.04.003","article-title":"Reduced E-Cadherin Expression Is Associated with Lymph Node Metastases in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5301","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2013.14.9.5301","article-title":"Relationships between Clinical Behavior of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Expression of VEGF, MMP-9 and E-Cadherin","volume":"14","author":"Akdeniz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12668","article-title":"The Prognostic Role of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers E-Cadherin and Slug in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"67","author":"Cappellesso","year":"2015","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_129","unstructured":"(2025, May 08). CDKN2A Gene: MedlinePlus Genetics, Available online: https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/genetics\/gene\/cdkn2a\/."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2020.1831217","article-title":"CDKN1B\/P27 Regulates Autophagy via the Control of Ragulator and MTOR Activity in Amino Acid-Deprived Cells","volume":"16","author":"Nowosad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-3426-3","article-title":"The Prognostic Value of Cyclin D1 Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"273","author":"Gioacchini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17202","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15231","article-title":"Clinicopathologic and Prognostic Significance of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Patients with Gastric Cancer: An Updated Meta-Analysis","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-3117-0","article-title":"The Clinical Relevance of Ki-67 Expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"272","author":"Gioacchini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480500416785","article-title":"Is Ki67 a Marker for the Transformation of Laryngeal Dysplasia to Carcinoma?","volume":"126","author":"Mirza","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Oto-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-003-0699-3","article-title":"Prognostic Significance of Ki-67 Expression for Patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Primarily Treated by Total Laryngectomy","volume":"261","author":"Acikalin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-013-2833-1","article-title":"P63 and Ki-67 Immunostainings in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Are Related to Survival","volume":"271","author":"Re","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.enz.2016.03.003","article-title":"The Many Roles of PCNA in Eukaryotic DNA Replication","volume":"Volume 39","author":"Boehm","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Enzymes"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0391-6","article-title":"The Role of Osteopontin in the Progression of Solid Organ Tumour","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2018.11","article-title":"The Molecular Landscape of Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"18","author":"Leemans","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24245","article-title":"Biomarkers in Advanced Larynx Cancer","volume":"124","author":"Bradford","year":"2014","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601911423031","article-title":"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Its Receptor (VEGFR) Signaling in Angiogenesis","volume":"2","author":"Shibuya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.10163","article-title":"Elevated Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Decreased Survival in Advanced Laryngeal Carcinoma","volume":"24","author":"Teknos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22432","article-title":"Prognostic Significance of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Protein Levels in T1-2 N0 Laryngeal Cancer Treated with Primary Radiation Therapy","volume":"109","author":"Parikh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489950180711","article-title":"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Microvessel Density in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Larynx: An Immunohistochemical Study","volume":"119","author":"Neuchrist","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cossu, A.M., Mosca, L., Zappavigna, S., Misso, G., Bocchetti, M., De Micco, F., Quagliuolo, L., Porcelli, M., Caraglia, M., and Boccellino, M. (2019). Long Non-Coding RNAs as Important Biomarkers in Laryngeal Cancer and Other Head and Neck Tumours. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20143444"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncrna.2018.03.001","article-title":"Exploring the Mechanisms behind Long Noncoding RNAs and Cancer","volume":"3","author":"Balas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Non-Coding RNA Res."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, R., Chen, K.K., Zhang, J., Xiao, B., Huang, Z., Ju, C., Sun, J., Zhang, F., Lv, X.-B., and Huang, G. (2018). The Decade of Exosomal Long RNA Species: An Emerging Cancer Antagonist. Mol. Cancer, 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-018-0823-z"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-009-0962-3","article-title":"CD105 Expression as a Measure of Microvessel Density in Supraglottic Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"266","author":"Zvrko","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2009.05.005","article-title":"Clinicopathologic Significance of CD105-Assessed Microvessel Density in Glottic Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Zvrko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-011-1743-3","article-title":"Laryngeal Carcinoma Prognosis after Postoperative Radiotherapy Correlates with CD105 Expression, but Not with Angiogenin or EGFR Expression","volume":"268","author":"Marioni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-17-1082","article-title":"Immunohistochemical Expression of Cortactin and Focal Adhesion Kinase Predicts Recurrence Risk and Laryngeal Cancer Risk Beyond Histologic Grading","volume":"27","author":"Villaronga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0338","article-title":"Cortactin and Focal Adhesion Kinase as Predictors of Cancer Risk in Patients with Laryngeal Premalignancy","volume":"4","author":"Rodrigo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Prev. Res."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.5301\/ijbm.5000297","article-title":"Cortactin and Phosphorylated Cortactin Tyr421 and Tyr466 Expression in Supraglottic Laryngeal Carcinomas and Lymph Node Metastases","volume":"33","author":"Marioni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Markers"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604246","article-title":"Cortactin Expression Predicts Poor Survival in Laryngeal Carcinoma","volume":"98","author":"Gibcus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2017.1373851","article-title":"Sex-Related Hormone Receptor in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Correlation with Androgen Estrogen-\u03b1 and Prolactin Receptor Expression and Influence of Prognosis","volume":"138","author":"Fei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Oto-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.26641\/1997-9665.2016.4.41-45","article-title":"Analysis of the Role and Impact of Sex Hormones in Diagnostics and Assessment of Clinical Progress of Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"10","author":"Kalyi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Morphologia"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.06.020","article-title":"lincRNAs: Genomics, Evolution, and Mechanisms","volume":"154","author":"Ulitsky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ziegler, C., and Kretz, M. (2017). The More the Merrier-Complexity in Long Non-Coding RNA Loci. Front. Endocrinol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00090"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2007.08.011","article-title":"Ki-67, P53 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression in Early Glottic Cancer Involving the Anterior Commissure Treated with Radiotherapy","volume":"35","author":"Ahmed","year":"2008","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aras, S., Ozkanli, S., Erdem, E., Gokalp, S., and Erdogan, C.E. (2023). Investigation of Low and High Dose Rate X-Ray Effects on Histopathological Changes and Prognostic Importance of Ki-67 in Laryngeal Cancer Radiotherapy. Appl. Radiat. Isot., 197.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2023.110823"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)00409-0","article-title":"Accelerated Radiotherapy for T1, 2 Glottic Carcinoma: Analysis of Results with KI-67 Index","volume":"47","author":"Sakata","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, X.-Y., Hanjing, S., Zhang, B.-H., and Luo, X.-Y. (2024). Expression of P16 and Ki67 in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Their Clinical Significance. Front. Oncol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1430830"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2015.3726","article-title":"P27(Kip1) Expression as a Prognostic Marker for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck","volume":"10","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allegra, E., Bianco, M.R., Mignogna, C., Caltabiano, R., Grasso, M., and Puzzo, L. (2021). Role of P16 Expression in the Prognosis of Patients with Laryngeal Cancer: A Single Retrospective Analysis. Cancer Control, 28.","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748211033544"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, L.-A., Fang, T.-J., Li, H.-Y., Chuang, H.-H., Kang, C.-J., Chang, K.-P., Liao, C.-T., Chen, T.-C., Huang, C.-G., and Yen, T.-C. (2021). Effects of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection on the Risk and Prognosis of Primary Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study in Taiwan. Cancers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13071741"},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silva, F.F.V.e., Caponio, V.C.A., Camolesi, G.C.V., Pad\u00edn-Iruegas, M.E., Lorenzo-Pouso, A.I., Lima, K.C., Vieira, S.L.S., Chamorro-Petronacci, C.M., Suar\u00e9z-Pe\u00f1aranda, J.M., and P\u00e9rez-Say\u00e1ns, M. (2023). Correlation of Bcl-2 Expression with Prognosis and Survival in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Crit. Rev. Oncol.\/Hematol., 187.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2023.104021"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2018.07.008","article-title":"The Role of Tumor DNA as a Diagnostic Tool for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"55","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20495","article-title":"Impact of Mutant P53 Functional Properties on TP53 Mutation Patterns and Tumor Phenotype: Lessons from Recent Developments in the IARC TP53 Database","volume":"28","author":"Petitjean","year":"2007","journal-title":"Human. Mutat."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2982","article-title":"The Molecular Biology of Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"11","author":"Leemans","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa073770","article-title":"TP53 Mutations and Survival in Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck","volume":"357","author":"Poeta","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2006.01105.x","article-title":"Expression Patterns of Cyclins D1, E and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors P21waf1\/Cip1, P27kip1 in Colorectal Carcinoma: Correlation with Other Cell Cycle Regulators (pRb, P53 and Ki-67 and PCNA) and Clinicopathological Features","volume":"62","author":"Ioachim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basyuni, S., Nugent, G., Ferro, A., Barker, E., Reddin, I., Jones, O., Lechner, M., O\u2019Leary, B., Jones, T., and Masterson, L. (2022). Value of P53 Sequencing in the Prognostication of Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sci. Rep., 12.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-25291-2"},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, A., Eskiizmir, G., Kamiloglu, U., and Sarioglu, S. (2023). P53 and PTEN Expression Evaluation with Molecular Evident Recent Criteria in Laryngeal Carcinoma. Medicine, 102.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000033676"},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3388","article-title":"The Quest to Overcome Resistance to EGFR-Targeted Therapies in Cancer","volume":"19","author":"Chong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2011.652308","article-title":"Potential Prognostic and Therapeutic Role for Angiogenesis Markers in Laryngeal Carcinoma","volume":"132","author":"Lionello","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Oto-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2019.1651938","article-title":"Association between EGFR Expression and Clinical Outcome of Laryngeal HPV Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"139","author":"Paladin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Oto-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000932","article-title":"Nuclear EGFR Expression Is Associated with Poor Survival in Laryngeal Carcinoma","volume":"29","author":"Braut","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2007.08.003","article-title":"Transforming Growth Factor Beta Isoforms (TGF-Beta1, TGF-Beta2, TGF-Beta3) Messenger RNA Expression in Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"29","author":"Kapral","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mosch, B., Reissenweber, B., Neuber, C., and Pietzsch, J. (2010). Eph Receptors and Ephrin Ligands: Important Players in Angiogenesis and Tumor Angiogenesis. J. Oncol., 2010.","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/135285"},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480601089382","article-title":"Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Various Laryngeal Lesions in Relation to Carcinogenesis, Angiogenesis, and Patients\u2019 Prognosis","volume":"127","author":"Shigyo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Oto-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21551","article-title":"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Tumor Expression in Patients with Advanced Laryngeal Cancer after Induction Chemotherapy for Organ Preservation","volume":"33","author":"Rueda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2014.08.016","article-title":"Correlation between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression and Presence of Lymph Node Metastasis in Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx","volume":"81","author":"Bonhin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14519","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0606708103","article-title":"A Therapeutic Target for Prostate Cancer Based on Angiogenin-Stimulated Angiogenesis and Cancer Cell Proliferation","volume":"103","author":"Yoshioka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2010.03664.x","article-title":"Neoangiogenesis in Laryngeal Carcinoma: Angiogenin and CD105 Expression Is Related to Carcinoma Recurrence Rate and Disease-free Survival","volume":"57","author":"Marioni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.15406\/jcpcr.2014.01.00015","article-title":"p16INK4\/Ki-67 Dual-Staining Expression as a Prognostic Indicator in Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"1","author":"Carico","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cancer Prev. Curr. Res."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verma, A., Schwartz, N., Cohen, D.J., Boyan, B.D., and Schwartz, Z. (2019). Estrogen Signaling and Estrogen Receptors as Prognostic Indicators in Laryngeal Cancer. Steroids, 152.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2019.108498"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2017.11.012","article-title":"Estradiol Receptor Profile and Estrogen Responsiveness in Laryngeal Cancer and Clinical Outcomes","volume":"142","author":"Schwartz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ou, D., Adam, J., Garberis, I., Blanchard, P., Nguyen, F., Levy, A., Casiraghi, O., Gorphe, P., Breuskin, I., and Janot, F. (2017). Clinical Relevance of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes, PD-L1 Expression and Correlation with HPV\/P16 in Head and Neck Cancer Treated with Bio- or Chemo-Radiotherapy. Oncoimmunology, 6.","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2017.1341030"},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-1543","article-title":"Evaluation of PD-L1 Expression and Associated Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Vassilakopoulou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7177","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S113307","article-title":"The Prognostic Value of Systemic and Local Inflammation in Patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"OncoTargets Ther."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tudor, F., Mariji\u0107, B., Babarovi\u0107, E., and Had\u017eisejdi\u0107, I. (2024). Significance of PD-L1 and Tumor Microenvironment in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Cancer. Cancers, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16152645"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Economopoulou, P., de Bree, R., Kotsantis, I., and Psyrri, A. (2019). Diagnostic Tumor Markers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) in the Clinical Setting. Front. Oncol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00827"},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e731","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30607-1","article-title":"De-Novo and Acquired Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Targeting","volume":"18","author":"Syn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2010.00923.x","article-title":"The PD-1 Pathway in Tolerance and Autoimmunity","volume":"236","author":"Francisco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2014.11.014","article-title":"Intrinsic and Extrinsic Control of Expression of the Immunoregulatory Molecule PD-L1 in Epithelial Cells and Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"51","author":"Ritprajak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oral. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.3892\/mco.2017.1412","article-title":"Role of Kr\u00fcppel-like Factor 4 and Heat Shock Protein 27 in Cancer of the Larynx","volume":"7","author":"Karam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-160625","article-title":"Functional State of the Hsp27 Chaperone as a Molecular Marker of an Unfavorable Course of Larynx Cancer","volume":"17","author":"Kaigorodova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Biomark."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-006-0143-3","article-title":"Overexpression of Human 27 kDa Heat Shock Protein in Laryngeal Cancer Cells Confers Chemoresistance Associated with Cell Growth Delay","volume":"133","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-016-0721-5","article-title":"Quantitative Patterns of Hsps in Tubular Adenoma Compared with Normal and Tumor Tissues Reveal the Value of Hsp10 and Hsp60 in Early Diagnosis of Large Bowel Cancer","volume":"21","author":"Rappa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, J., Wang, K., Zhang, X., Qiu, Y., Huang, D., Li, W., Xiao, X., and Tian, Y. (2010). HSP70: A Promising Target for Laryngeal Carcinoma Radiaotherapy by Inhibiting Cleavage and Degradation of Nucleolin. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res., 29.","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-9966-29-106"},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orasan, A., Negru, M.-C., Morgovan, A.I., Fleser, R.C., Sandu, D., Sitaru, A.M., Motofelea, A.-C., and Balica, N.C. (2025). Strategies to Mitigate Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: A Literature Review of Protective Agents, Mechanisms, and Clinical Gaps. Audiol. Res., 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres15020022"},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2444","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2017.5893","article-title":"HSP47 Is Associated with the Prognosis of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inhibiting Cell Viability and Invasion and Promoting Apoptosis","volume":"38","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Si, M., and Lang, J. (2018). The Roles of Metallothioneins in Carcinogenesis. J. Hematol. Oncol., 11.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-018-0645-x"},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(99)80102-2","article-title":"Immunohistochemical Expression of Metallothionein in Benign Premalignant and Malignant Epithelium of the Larynx: Correlation with P53 and Proliferative Cell Nuclear Antigen","volume":"195","author":"Ioachim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pathol.\u2014Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2015.3273","article-title":"Correlation between Levels of Expression of Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins, Ki-67 Proliferation Antigen and Metallothionein I\/II in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Cancer","volume":"48","author":"Nowinska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Starska, K., Krze\u015blak, A., Forma, E., Olszewski, J., Lewy-Trenda, I., Osuch-W\u00f3jcikiewicz, E., and Bry\u015b, M. (2014). Genetic Polymorphism of Metallothionein 2A and Risk of Laryngeal Cancer in a Polish Population. Med. Oncol., 31.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-014-0075-8"},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Emanuele, S., Celesia, A., D\u2019Anneo, A., Lauricella, M., Carlisi, D., De Blasio, A., and Giuliano, M. (2021). The Good and Bad of Nrf2: An Update in Cancer and New Perspectives in COVID-19. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22157963"},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Namani, A., Matiur Rahaman, M., Chen, M., and Tang, X. (2018). Gene-Expression Signature Regulated by the KEAP1-NRF2-CUL3 Axis Is Associated with a Poor Prognosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer. BMC Cancer, 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3907-z"},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xia, D., Zhang, X.-R., Ma, Y.-L., Zhao, Z.-J., Zhao, R., and Wang, Y.-Y. (2020). Nrf2 Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) Resistance to Radiotherapy through the CaMKII\u03b1-Associated Activation of Autophagy. Cell Biosci., 10.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-020-00456-6"},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.588","article-title":"Correlation of Alterations in the KEAP1\/CUL3\/NFE2L2 Pathway with Radiation Failure in Larynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"6","author":"Sheth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5171","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.5913","article-title":"Expression and Correlation of NRF2, KEAP1, NQO-1 and HO-1 in Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx and Their Association with Clinicopathologic Features","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3427","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.30318","article-title":"Nuclear Nrf2 Activity in Laryngeal Carcinoma Is Regulated by SENP3 After Cisplatin-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Stress","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3622","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867327999200917150939","article-title":"Natural COX-2 Inhibitors as Promising Anti-Inflammatory Agents: An Update","volume":"28","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, M., Li, M., Wei, Y., and Xu, H. (2020). Prognostic and Clinical Significance of Cyclooxygenase-2 Overexpression in Endometrial Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Front. Oncol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01202"},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20569","article-title":"Low COX2 in Tumor and Upregulation in Stroma Mark Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression","volume":"119","author":"Kourelis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2275-1","article-title":"High Expression Levels of COX-2 and P300 Are Associated with Unfavorable Survival in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"270","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Du, J., Feng, J., Luo, D., and Peng, L. (2022). Prognostic and Clinical Significance of COX-2 Overexpression in Laryngeal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Front. Oncol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.854946"},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-2028","article-title":"Prognostic Significance of Cyclooxygenase-2 Overexpression in Glottic Cancer","volume":"14","author":"Sackett","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_219","first-page":"4059","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Enhances Proliferation of NKT Cells Derived from Patients with Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"37","author":"Klatka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.709","article-title":"Tumor Suppressive microRNA-218 Inhibits Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion through Targeting Laminin-332 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"3","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2016.3464","article-title":"Altered Expression of miRNAs Is Related to Larynx Cancer TNM Stage and Patients\u2019 Smoking Status","volume":"36","author":"Bruzgielewicz","year":"2017","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Lin, Y.-P., Yang, D., Zhang, G., and Zhou, H.-F. (2016). Clinical Significance of miR-149 in the Survival of Patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BioMed Res. Int., 2016.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8561251"},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25361","article-title":"Antiproliferative Potential of miR-33a in Laryngeal Cancer Hep-2 Cells via Targeting PIM1","volume":"40","author":"Karatas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2023.03.003","article-title":"MicroRNA-150-5p Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion of Human Larynx Epidermiod Cancer Cells Though Regulating Peptidyl-Prolyl Cis\/Trans Isomerase","volume":"89","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2018.10.020","article-title":"MiR-196b Affects the Progression and Prognosis of Human LSCC through Targeting PCDH-17","volume":"46","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"ref_226","first-page":"689","article-title":"MicroRNA-143-3p Suppresses Cell Growth and Invasion in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Targeting the k-Ras\/Raf\/MEK\/ERK Signaling Pathway","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maia, D., de Carvalho, A.C., Horst, M.A., Carvalho, A.L., Scapulatempo-Neto, C., and Vettore, A.L. (2015). Expression of miR-296-5p as Predictive Marker for Radiotherapy Resistance in Early-Stage Laryngeal Carcinoma. J. Transl. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0621-y"},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-008-0721-x","article-title":"Occult Contralateral Nodal Metastases in Supraglottic Laryngeal Cancer Crossing the Midline","volume":"266","author":"Ozdemir","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_229","unstructured":"Koroulakis, A., and Agarwal, M. (2024). Laryngeal Cancer. StatPearls [Internet], StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489420937744","article-title":"Occult Metastasis in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"130","author":"Sharbel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.1184","article-title":"Management of Positive Resection Margins Following Transoral Laser Microsurgery for Glottic Cancer","volume":"8","author":"Khan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2021.1959056","article-title":"Distant Metastases in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Pharynx and Larynx: A Population-Based DAHANCA Study","volume":"60","author":"Kjems","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Oncol."},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3801","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-07951-9","article-title":"The Relation between Hypoxia and Proliferation Biomarkers with Radiosensitivity in Locally Advanced Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"280","author":"Halmos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jotic, A., Milovanovic, J., Savic-Vujovic, K., Radin, Z., Medic, B., Folic, M., Pavlovic, B., Vujovic, A., and Dundjerovic, D. (2022). Immune Cell and Biochemical Biomarkers in Advanced Laryngeal Cancer. Dose Response, 20.","DOI":"10.1177\/15593258221115537"},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koca, T., Cetmi, D.A., Aksoy, R., and Korcum, A.F. (2024). The Predictive Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Larynx Cancer Undergoing Definitive Radiotherapy. Technol. Cancer Res. Treat., 23.","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338241280433"},{"key":"ref_236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21654","article-title":"Cancer Statistics, 2021","volume":"71","author":"Siegel","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.43.6097","article-title":"Long-Term Results of RTOG 91-11: A Comparison of Three Nonsurgical Treatment Strategies to Preserve the Larynx in Patients with Locally Advanced Larynx Cancer","volume":"31","author":"Forastiere","year":"2013","journal-title":"JCO"},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.04.011","article-title":"Multi-Institutional Trial of Accelerated Hypofractionated Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Oropharyngeal Cancer (RTOG 00-22)","volume":"76","author":"Eisbruch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"ref_239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32779-X","article-title":"Radiotherapy plus Cetuximab or Cisplatin in Human Papillomavirus-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer (NRG Oncology RTOG 1016): A Randomised, Multicentre, Non-Inferiority Trial","volume":"393","author":"Gillison","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32591-7","article-title":"Pembrolizumab Alone or with Chemotherapy versus Cetuximab with Chemotherapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (KEYNOTE-048): A Randomised, Open-Label, Phase 3 Study","volume":"394","author":"Burtness","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_241","unstructured":"NCI (2025, May 04). FDA Approves Nivolumab for Head and Neck Cancer, Available online: https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/news-events\/cancer-currents-blog\/2016\/fda-nivolumab-scchn."},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2852","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26331","article-title":"Two-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial of Nivolumab vs. the Investigator\u2019s Choice of Therapy in the Asian Population for Recurrent or Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (CheckMate 141)","volume":"42","author":"Yen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30737-3","article-title":"Avelumab plus Standard-of-Care Chemoradiotherapy versus Chemoradiotherapy Alone in Patients with Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicentre, Phase 3 Trial","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709937","article-title":"Durvalumab after Chemoradiotherapy in Stage III Non\u2013Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"377","author":"Antonia","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2018-0405","article-title":"JAVELIN Head and Neck 100: A Phase III Trial of Avelumab and Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Future Oncol."},{"key":"ref_246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00100-1","article-title":"Pembrolizumab plus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy versus Placebo plus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (KEYNOTE-412): A Randomised, Double-Blind, Phase 3 Trial","volume":"25","author":"Machiels","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31999-8","article-title":"Pembrolizumab versus Methotrexate, Docetaxel, or Cetuximab for Recurrent or Metastatic Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (KEYNOTE-040): A Randomised, Open-Label, Phase 3 Study","volume":"393","author":"Cohen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.00332","article-title":"Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab Versus EXTREME Regimen as First-Line Treatment for Recurrent\/Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: The Final Results of CheckMate 651","volume":"41","author":"Haddad","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seiwert, T.Y., Wildsmith, S., Fayette, J., Harrington, K., Gillison, M., Ahn, M.-J., Takahashi, S., Weiss, J., Machiels, J.-P., and Baxi, S. (2024). Outcomes in Biomarker-Selected Subgroups from the KESTREL Study of Durvalumab and Tremelimumab in Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 73.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-024-03643-3"},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, X., Lee, A., Cohen, M.A., Sherman, E.J., and Lee, N.Y. (2020). Past, Present and Future of Proton Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer. Oral. Oncol., 110.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2020.104879"},{"key":"ref_251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2019.03.011","article-title":"Early Closure of a Phase 1 Clinical Trial for SABR in Early-Stage Glottic Cancer","volume":"105","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chotipanich, A. (2021). Total Laryngectomy: A Review of Surgical Techniques. Cureus, 13.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.18181"},{"key":"ref_253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-022-00945-5","article-title":"Advances in Organ Preservation for Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"23","author":"Campbell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Oncol."},{"key":"ref_254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Remacle, M., Van Haverbeke, C., Eckel, H., Bradley, P., Chevalier, D., Djukic, V., de Vicentiis, M., Friedrich, G., Olofsson, J., and Peretti, G. (2007). Proposal for Revision of the European Laryngological Society Classification of Endoscopic Cordectomies. Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol., 264.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-007-0304-2"},{"key":"ref_255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-013-2382-7","article-title":"Organ Preservation in T4a Laryngeal Cancer: Is Transoral Laser Microsurgery an Option?","volume":"270","author":"Canis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000240","article-title":"Reasonable Limits for Transoral Laser Microsurgery in Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"24","author":"Peretti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26207","article-title":"Management of Primary T1\u2013T4 Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Transoral Laser Microsurgery","volume":"127","author":"Day","year":"2016","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24814","article-title":"Transoral Laser Microsurgery for Treatment for Hypopharyngeal Cancer in 211 Patients","volume":"39","author":"Weiss","year":"2017","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2327-6","article-title":"Results of Transoral Laser Microsurgery for Supraglottic Carcinoma in 277 Patients","volume":"270","author":"Canis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25757","article-title":"Early Glottic Cancer Involving the Anterior Commissure Treated by Transoral Laser Cordectomy","volume":"126","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23728","article-title":"Transoral Laser Microsurgery for Laryngeal Carcinoma: Survival Analysis in a Hospital-based Population","volume":"37","author":"Breda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3832","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26878","article-title":"Transoral Laser Microsurgery in Locally Advanced Laryngeal Cancer: Prognostic Impact of Anterior versus Posterior Compartments","volume":"43","author":"Vilaseca","year":"2021","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28926","article-title":"Surgical, Oncological, and Functional Outcomes of Transoral Robotic Supraglottic Laryngectomy","volume":"131","author":"Hans","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lechien, J.R., Fakhry, N., Saussez, S., Chiesa-Estomba, C.-M., Chekkoury-Idrissi, Y., Cammaroto, G., Melkane, A.E., Barillari, M.R., Crevier-Buchman, L., and Ayad, T. (2020). Surgical, Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Transoral Robotic Surgery for Supraglottic Laryngeal Cancers: A Systematic Review. Oral. Oncol., 109.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2020.104848"},{"key":"ref_265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07514-4","article-title":"Transoral Robotic Cordectomy for Glottic Carcinoma: A Rapid Review","volume":"279","author":"Lechien","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-4900-0","article-title":"Preliminary Experience in Transoral Laryngeal Surgery with a Flexible Robotic System for Benign Lesions of the Vocal Folds","volume":"275","author":"Remacle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801.e3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2021.04.024","article-title":"Oncological, Surgical and Functional Outcomes of Transoral Robotic Cordectomy for Early Glottic Carcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Hans","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Voice"},{"key":"ref_268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21386","article-title":"An Update on Larynx Cancer","volume":"67","author":"Steuer","year":"2017","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7300","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-021-10318-1","article-title":"Stage Migration and Survival Trends in Laryngeal Cancer","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1139","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28995","article-title":"Occult Lymph Node Metastasis in Early-stage Glottic Cancer in the National Cancer Database","volume":"131","author":"Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2019.1572923","article-title":"Incidence and Survival of Laryngeal Cancer in Denmark: A Nation-Wide Study from 1980 to 2014","volume":"58","author":"Nahavandipour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Oncol."},{"key":"ref_272","first-page":"700","article-title":"Glottic and Supraglottic Laryngeal Cancer: Epidemiology, Treatment Patterns and Survival in 164 Patients","volume":"17","author":"Petrakos","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Buon"},{"key":"ref_273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2021.09.001","article-title":"Survival Analysis of Patients with Subglottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on the SEER Database","volume":"88","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MacNeil, S.D., Patel, K., Liu, K., Shariff, S., Yoo, J., Nichols, A., Fung, K., and Garg, A.X. (2018). Survival of Patients with Subglottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Curr. Oncol., 25.","DOI":"10.3747\/co.25.3864"},{"key":"ref_275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Juan, X., Jiali, H., Ziqi, L., Liqing, Z., and Han, Z. (2024). Development and Validation of Nomogram Models for Predicting Postoperative Prognosis of Early-Stage Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Curr. Probl. Cancer, 49.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.currproblcancer.2024.101079"},{"key":"ref_276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29722","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15414","article-title":"Development of Comprehensive Nomograms for Evaluating Overall and Cancer-Specific Survival of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Neck Dissection","volume":"8","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.1011","article-title":"Long-Term Laryngeal Function and Quality of Life Following Treatment of Early Glottic Cancer: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"172","author":"Qasem","year":"2025","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06445-2","article-title":"Oncologic Results and Quality of Life in Patients with T3 Glottic Cancer after Transoral Laser Microsurgery","volume":"278","author":"Chien","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"key":"ref_279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29027","article-title":"Health-related Quality of Life Following Total Laryngectomy: A Systematic Review","volume":"131","author":"Wulff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/10\/3367\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:31:23Z","timestamp":1760031083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/10\/3367"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]},"references-count":279,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm14103367"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14103367","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]}}}