{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T15:21:28Z","timestamp":1769008888724,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic respiratory illnesses frequently accompanied by anxiety and depression. These psychological symptoms often go undetected due to their overlap with somatic complaints. According to the regulatory theory of temperament (RTT), biologically based temperament traits may influence emotional responses to chronic illness. This study examined whether RTT-defined temperament traits predict depression and anxiety severity in patients with asthma and\/or COPD. Material and Methods: The study included 210 adult patients with asthma and\/or COPD recruited from a university hospital and pulmonology clinics. Individuals with a prior history of mental illness were excluded. Participants completed three validated questionnaires: the Formal Characteristics of Behavior\u2013Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the State\u2013Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Additional demographic and clinical data were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the predictive value of six temperament traits for depression, state anxiety, and trait anxiety. A significance threshold of \u03b1 = 0.05 was used in all statistical tests. Results: Temperament structure significantly predicted all three mental health outcomes: depression (R2 = 0.37), state anxiety (R2 = 0.45), and trait anxiety (R2 = 0.35). Briskness negatively correlated with all outcomes, while emotional reactivity showed a positive correlation. No significant associations were found for the remaining four traits. Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors were not significant predictors. Conclusions: Temperament traits, particularly briskness and emotional reactivity, significantly influence depression and anxiety severity in asthma and COPD. Temperament assessment may serve as a low-cost, telemedicine-compatible tool to identify at-risk patients and support integrated, personalized care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14103414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T11:31:49Z","timestamp":1747135909000},"page":"3414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Structure of Patients\u2019 Temperament Traits as a Risk Factor for Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Paula","family":"Zdanowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8931-0213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zbigniew W\u0142odzimierz","family":"Pasieka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rados\u0142aw","family":"Wujcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Kamola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3501-167X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam Jerzy","family":"Bia\u0142as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Regional Medical Center for Lung Diseases and Rehabilitation, Blessed Rafal Chylinski Memorial Hospital for Lung Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 91-520 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadeusz","family":"Pietras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Strelau, J., and Zawadzki, B. 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