{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:08:56Z","timestamp":1791313736795,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>People with CF (pwCF) have a significant risk for pulmonary infections with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), particularly Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab). Mab is an emerging pathogen, which causes pulmonary infections in patients with chronic lung diseases, particularly CF; Mab pulmonary disease leads to progressive pulmonary dysfunction and increased morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in CF care, including CFTR modulators (CFTRm), Mab continues to pose a therapeutic challenge, with significant long-term medical burden. This review provides insights into the complex host\u2013pathogen interplay of Mab infections in pwCF. It provides a detailed overview of Mab bacterial virulence factors, including biofilm formation, secretion systems, the virulence-associated rough morphotype, and antibiotic resistance mechanisms. This review also summarizes features conferring susceptibility of the CF host to Mab infections, alongside the contribution of the CF-host environment to the pathogenesis of Mab infection, such as antibiotic-derived microbial selection, within-host mycobacterial evolution, and interactions with co-pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). Finally, the therapeutic implications and novel treatments for Mab are discussed, considering the complex host\u2013pathogen interplay.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14103492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T08:32:29Z","timestamp":1747384349000},"page":"3492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Insights on the Pathogenesis of Mycobacterium abscessus Infection in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mai","family":"Basher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, Israel"},{"name":"Clinical Research Institute Rambam (CRIR), Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9874-7617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Gur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonary Institute and CF Center, Rappaport Children\u2019s Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9979-6552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Meir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, Israel"},{"name":"Clinical Research Institute Rambam (CRIR), Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Rappaport Children\u2019s Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200604-571ST","article-title":"An official ATS\/IDSA statement: Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases","volume":"175","author":"Griffith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. 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