{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:19:13Z","timestamp":1791231553675,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wroc\u0142aw Medical University","award":["SUBK.A170.23.033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUBK.A170.23.033"]}]},{"name":"Wroc\u0142aw Medical University","award":["SUBZ.A170.24.032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUBZ.A170.24.032"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Hemolysis during sepsis may be driven by patient-specific factors, including the intensity of the inflammatory response and the etiology of infection, as well as treatment-related factors, such as the use of extracorporeal life-support devices. Methods: We evaluated the incidence of hemolysis\u2014reflected by decreased plasma levels of haptoglobin and hemopexin\u2014in a cohort of septic patients with acute respiratory failure (n = 50) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Results: Hemolysis was observed in 60% of patients. Its incidence was significantly higher among those with septic shock (86%) and those receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy (81%). While continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) alone did not increase the incidence of hemolysis, its combination with ECMO was associated with hemolysis in 100% of those treated. Logistic regression analysis identified low haptoglobin levels (odds ratio [OR] 27.1), advanced age (OR 1.2), and stage 3 acute kidney injury (OR 22.2) as significant predictors of mortality. Conclusions: These findings highlight the clinical relevance of monitoring hemolysis in septic patients. Given the routine availability of haptoglobin and hemopexin assays in most hospital laboratories, these biomarkers offer practical and accessible tools for the detection and monitoring of hemolysis in critically ill patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14103493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T08:32:29Z","timestamp":1747384349000},"page":"3493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hemolysis and Its Clinical Implications in Septic Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0619-3926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"B\u0105kowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2649-0541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"\u015amiechowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4699-4632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Lema\u0144ska-Perek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 48\/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Dragan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8668-1641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waldemar","family":"Go\u017adzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0541-841X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Adamik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/35051594","article-title":"Identification of the Haemoglobin Scavenger Receptor","volume":"409","author":"Kristiansen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drvenica, I.T., Stan\u010di\u0107, A.Z., Maslovari\u0107, I.S., Trivanovi\u0107, D.I., and Ili\u0107, V.L. 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