{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T02:47:55Z","timestamp":1788058075831,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Chronic low back pain (LBP) remains a leading cause of disability and healthcare utilization globally, with complex, multifactorial pathophysiology. Despite advances in imaging, diagnosis often remains challenging due to poor correlation between structural findings and clinical symptoms. Recent evidence suggests inflammatory mechanisms may underlie persistent pain. This study investigated whether systemic inflammatory cytokines are altered in military personnel with chronic LBP and examined their relationships with clinical manifestations, psychological factors, and radiological findings. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 50 patients with chronic non-specific LBP (duration \u2265 3 months) and 50 age-, sex-, and BMI-matched healthy controls. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment, which included evaluation of pain intensity (VAS), neuropathic pain screening (DN4), psychological assessment (HADS), fibromyalgia screening (FIRST), and assessment of functional disability (Oswestry Disability Index and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, EIFEL). Serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-10 were measured using chemiluminescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. Radiological findings were documented through MRI and CT imaging of the lumbar spine. Results: Serum IL-8 levels were significantly elevated in patients with chronic LBP compared to healthy controls (8.52 \u00b1 6.7 vs. 4.8 \u00b1 0.56 pg\/mL, p &lt; 0.001). Weak positive correlations were observed between IL-8 levels and anxiety scores (r = 0.3, p = 0.02) and functional disability, as measured by the EIFEL questionnaire (r = 0.3, p = 0.04); however, these associations did not remain significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Similarly, IL-6 showed a weak positive correlation with BMI (r = 0.21, p = 0.03) and a weak negative correlation with lumbar mobility, as assessed by Schober\u2019s test (r = \u22120.38, p = 0.03), which also did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: This study identified serum IL-8 as a potential biomarker for chronic LBP. While we observed associations between specific inflammatory markers and psychological distress and functional disability, these correlations were weak and did not remain significant after correction for multiple testing. These preliminary findings suggest possible connections between inflammation and the psychophysiological aspects of chronic LBP that warrant further investigation in larger cohorts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14113761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T11:12:57Z","timestamp":1748344377000},"page":"3761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Serum Interleukin-8 Levels and Their Association with Anxiety and Functional Disability in Military Personnel with Chronic Low Back Pain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7297-0837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rim","family":"Dhahri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8126-5339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiba","family":"Ben Ayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8091-1856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ismail","family":"Dergaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia"},{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of El Kef, University of Jendouba, El Kef 7100, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halil \u0130brahim","family":"Ceylan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education of Sports Teaching Department, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Atat\u00fcrk University, Erzurum 25240, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7758-7442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aymen","family":"Tazaghdanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhia","family":"Kochkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ezzedine","family":"Ghazouani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2798-5021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Insaf","family":"Fenniche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5264-3329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lobna","family":"Ben Ammar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Refka","family":"Jebri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imen","family":"Dorgham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maroua","family":"Slouma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4615-6687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul-Ioan","family":"Muntean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, University \u201c1 Decembrie 1918\u201d of Alba Iulia, 510009 Alba Iulia, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imen","family":"Gharsallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital of Instruction of Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00733-9","article-title":"Low back pain","volume":"398","author":"Knezevic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2023.0063","article-title":"The adult with low back pain: Causes, diagnosis, imaging features and management","volume":"84","author":"Kabeer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. 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