{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T10:50:02Z","timestamp":1778064602805,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP21K09730"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21K09730"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP24K1285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24K1285"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: In this study, a mouse model of sutured endothelial keratoplasty was established and compared with a traditional penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) model in both syngeneic (BALB\/c) and allogeneic (C57\/BL6) patterns. Methods: For the endothelial keratoplasty (EK) model, chimeric donor tissues consisting of BALB\/c epithelium-stroma combined with either syngeneic (BALB\/c) or allogeneic (C57\/BL6) stroma-endothelium were transplanted into BALB\/c mice. Graft transparency, gene expression, and mRNA levels in the transplanted tissues were assessed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) to evaluate inflammatory status. Results: Allogeneic PKP had a higher opacity score than syngeneic PKP. In contrast, syngeneic EK mice had similar opacity scores to those of allogeneic EK mice. Upregulation of CXCR3, the receptor for CXCL10, was demonstrated by qRT-PCR in allogeneic PKP mice but not in allogeneic EK mice. Conclusions: Comparison between the syngeneic and allogeneic PKP groups revealed differences in CXCR3 mRNA expression, suggesting that CXCR3 could be a potential biomarker for rejection in the PKP mouse model. Additionally, the EK model did not show CXCR3 upregulation despite the opaque cornea due to nonspecific inflammation. Therefore, our mouse model was considered to be a successfully established EK model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14134442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T07:42:34Z","timestamp":1750664554000},"page":"4442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mouse Model of Sutured Endothelial Keratoplasty Technique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Junki","family":"Kurita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8704-680X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiko","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5363-5387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chihiro","family":"Sunouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiki","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Inada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Higashimatsuyama Municipal Hospital, Saitama 355-0005, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Yamagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60437-1","article-title":"Corneal transplantation","volume":"379","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-620X.122289","article-title":"A brief history of corneal transplantation: From ancient to modern","volume":"6","author":"Crawford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oman J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"The Collaborative Corneal Transplantation Studies (CCTS) (1992). Effectiveness of histocompatibility matching in high-risk corneal transplantation. Arch. Ophthalmol., 110, 1392\u20131403.","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1992.01080220054021"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300244","article-title":"Changing trends in keratoplasty in the West of Scotland: A 10-year review","volume":"96","author":"Ting","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000066","article-title":"Evolving indications for and trends in keratoplasty in British Columbia, Canada, from 2002 to 2011: A 10-year review","volume":"33","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_141_19","article-title":"Corneal transplantation in the modern era","volume":"150","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31812f66e5","article-title":"Corneal transplant rejection rate and severity after endothelial keratoplasty","volume":"26","author":"Allan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200203000-00003","article-title":"Indications for penetrating keratoplasty and associated procedures, 1996\u20132000","volume":"21","author":"Cosar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2019.07.001","article-title":"Immune reactions after modern lamellar (DALK, DSAEK, DMEK) versus conventional penetrating corneal transplantation","volume":"73","author":"Hos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sara, S.A., Alessandra, M., Daniele, G., Matteo, N., Pier, L.S., Antonio, D.V., Marco, C., and Antonio, D.Z. (2024). Functional and Immunologic Point of View on Corneal Endothelial Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2014Analysis. J. Clin. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13123431"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"23","article-title":"Penetrating corneal transplantation in the inbred rat: A new model","volume":"26","author":"Williams","year":"1985","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"781","article-title":"A method for performing full-thickness, orthotopic, penetrating keratoplasty in the mouse","volume":"21","author":"She","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthal. Surg."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.1.108","article-title":"Evaluation of corneal graft rejection in a mouse model","volume":"86","author":"Filipec","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"578","article-title":"Evaluation of corneal graft survival in mice model","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212\u0394\u0394CT method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2008.02535.x","article-title":"\u2018Chimeric\u2019 grafts assembled from multiple allodisparate donors enjoy enhanced transplant survival","volume":"9","author":"Saban","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.08.012","article-title":"Descemet\u2019s stripping endothelial keratoplasty five-year graft survival and endothelial cell loss","volume":"118","author":"Price","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12228","article-title":"Role of T cell recruitment and chemokine-regulated intra-graft T cell motility patterns in corneal allograft rejection","volume":"13","author":"Tan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2014.11.009","article-title":"CXCR3 ligands in disease and therapy","volume":"26","author":"Liekens","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/68846","article-title":"CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and their receptor (CXCR3) in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration","volume":"27","author":"Koper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy069","article-title":"T helper 17.1 cells associate with multiple sclerosis disease activity: Perspectives for early intervention","volume":"141","author":"Janssen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI16861","article-title":"Regulation of pulmonary fibrosis by chemokine receptor CXCR3","volume":"114","author":"Jiang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2014.01.006","article-title":"CXCR3, CXCL10 and type 1 diabetes","volume":"25","author":"Antonelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4601.098010","article-title":"Expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligand IP-10 during human cardiac allograft rejection","volume":"104","author":"Melter","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"2614","article-title":"Role of CD4+ T cells in immunobiology of orthotopic corneal transplants in mice","volume":"40","author":"Yamada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0399","article-title":"Survival in high-risk eyes of epithelium-deprived orthotopic corneal allografts reconstituted in vitro with syngeneic epithelium","volume":"44","author":"Hori","year":"2003","journal-title":"Investig. Opthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000611408.12042.03","article-title":"A mouse model of allogeneic corneal endothelial cell transplantation","volume":"27","author":"Hayashi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cornea"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/13\/4442\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:56:50Z","timestamp":1760032610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/13\/4442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm14134442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14134442","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]}}}