{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T09:44:26Z","timestamp":1793353466677,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hallux valgus (HV) is a common forefoot deformity for which numerous surgical techniques have been proposed, with the Lapidus procedure representing a powerful and durable solution, especially in cases of moderate to severe deformities and first ray hypermobility. Initially described in the early 20th century, the Lapidus procedure involves first tarsometatarsal joint (TMTJ) arthrodesis and has undergone multiple modifications over time to reduce complications such as nonunion, malunion, shortening, and recurrence. The technique offers triplanar correction, addressing axial, sagittal, and coronal deformity components. Despite its proven corrective potential, the procedure remains technically demanding, and no universal consensus exists on the ideal fixation method or postoperative protocol. Recent developments in fixation strategies\u2014including crossed screws, locking plates, intramedullary nails, nitinol staples, external fixation, and arthroscopic approaches\u2014have aimed to improve stability, union rates, and the possibility of earlier weight-bearing. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the Lapidus procedure, focusing on surgical indications, technical variants, fixation methods, clinical outcomes, and complications, with the goal of offering practical guidance for optimizing surgical decision-making in various clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14134591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T13:06:17Z","timestamp":1751288777000},"page":"4591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Surgical Techniques for Lapidus Arthrodesis: Approaches, Indications, and Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0361-4443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Donantoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6580-2010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4631-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Marinozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-014-2601-x","article-title":"Correction power and complications of first tarsometatarsal joint arthrodesis for hallux valgus deformity","volume":"39","author":"Willegger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. 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