{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T23:12:27Z","timestamp":1788649947335,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Treacher Collins Syndrome (TCS) is a rare, congenital craniofacial syndrome. Its most characteristic feature is mandibular and midface hypoplasia. Due to malformations of the facial skeleton, airway abnormalities can also be observed, predisposing individuals to obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). OSA in TCS may contribute to significant morbidity, including developmental delays, cardiovascular disorders and reduced quality of life. Objectives: This narrative review aims to present the true prevalence of OSA and the treatment options for TCS patients. Additionally, the pathophysiology and diagnostic tools for this condition were briefly outlined. Methods: The literature search included publications from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. The chosen period of time for these publications was 2000\u20132024. Results: The results showed that OSA is a serious problem among TCS patients. Although there is no standardised treatment protocol, the primary methods often include mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Approaches such as hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) need further investigation, especially with longitudinal observations. Conclusions: The development of treatment options seems to be promising, suggesting a favourable outlook for standardising the treatment protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14134741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T06:03:13Z","timestamp":1751868193000},"page":"4741","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Patients with Treacher Collins Syndrome\u2014A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2817-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Paradowska-Stolarz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Sluzalec-Wieckiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Office, Gajowicka 137\/3, 53-407 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5754-0284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Mikulewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conrad","family":"Maslowiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Dental Center, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Kokot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conseling, Institute of Pedagogy, University of Wroc\u0142aw, J.W. Dawida 1, 50-527 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0424-9861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Miralles-Jorda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Catholic University of Valencia, Quevedo Str 2, 46001 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martyna","family":"Sobanska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9207-9067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Laskowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.17219\/dmp\/171894","article-title":"Relationship between pain severity, satisfaction with life and the quality of sleep in Polish adults with temporomandibular disorders","volume":"60","author":"Orzeszek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dent. 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