{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T14:59:51Z","timestamp":1763564391488,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted comparing conventional intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with a pre-catching sperm (PCS)-ICSI technique. Cases with at least 0.5 million motile sperm and 5 mature oocytes were included. Conventional ICSI involves simultaneous loading of sperm and oocytes onto the dish, followed by identification, immobilization, and loading of sperm into pipettes for oocyte injection. In the PCS-ICSI technique, suitable sperm were identified and immobilized prior to oocyte loading onto the dish, thus reducing the oocyte exposure time. Variables of interest included rate of fertilized and degenerated oocytes, abnormal fertilization, quality blastocyst formation, and pregnancy outcomes. Statistical analysis utilized Student\u2019s t-test and Fisher\u2019s Exact Test. Our study included 330 PCS-ICSI and 287 conventional ICSI cases. Female age, BMI, AMH, total number of collected oocytes, and rate of abnormal fertilization were similar between groups. The PCS-ICSI group demonstrated an increased rate of oocyte fertilization (84.0% vs. 79.3%, p &lt; 0.001), good quality blastocyst formation (54.9% vs. 48.0%, p &lt; 0.001), and a lower rate of oocyte degeneration (1.4% vs. 3.5%, p &lt; 0.001). Positive pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rate were similar between groups. The expansion of this technique resulted in increased oocyte fertilization and good quality blastocyst formation, and decreased oocyte degeneration. Further studies will evaluate the effectiveness of this technique in broader patient populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14144872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T11:26:37Z","timestamp":1752233197000},"page":"4872","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Pre-Catching Sperm Technique Increases the Efficiency of the Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Method by Improving Fertilization and Blastocyst Formation Rates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Catherine","family":"Haering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evelina","family":"Manvelyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"},{"name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University Hospitals Ahuja, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7413-4111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Coyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"},{"name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University Hospitals Ahuja, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren Alexis","family":"Hyams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University Hospitals Ahuja, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8790-5619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Hamrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University Hospitals Ahuja, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Findley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"},{"name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University Hospitals Ahuja, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Weinerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"},{"name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University Hospitals Ahuja, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Flyckt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"},{"name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University Hospitals Ahuja, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8658-8396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Tae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"},{"name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University Hospitals Ahuja, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1719085","article-title":"Is Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection the Solution for all in Unexplained Infertility?","volume":"38","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. 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Proceedings of the Annual Congress of Pacific Coast Reproductive Society, Indian Wells, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.05.056"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/14\/4872\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:07:09Z","timestamp":1760033229000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/14\/4872"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm14144872"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14144872","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2077-0383"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]}}}