{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:30:15Z","timestamp":1760059815607,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Imaging Group (TeCe-22)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The usefulness of neuroimaging in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and types of structural abnormalities on neuroimaging in patients with FEP and identify the most frequently used imaging modalities in a real-world setting. Methodology: A retrospective observational study based on a consecutive series of patients admitted to our institution with FEP was conducted. We analyzed the imaging tests performed, the presence of specific lesions, the degree of cortical atrophy (Global Cortical Atrophy, GCA scale), medial temporal atrophy (Medial Temporal lobe Atrophy, MTA scale) and non-specific white matter lesions (Fazekas scale). Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed according to previously established age cut-offs. Results: A total of 105 patients were included (median age: 36 years; 52.4% men). The most frequently used neuroimaging test was computed tomography (CT) (92.4%). GCA scores that were out of the age range were found in 32.4% of patients, being more frequent in those older than 65 years (p &lt; 0.001). Out-of-range MTA scores were found in 36.2% of patients, especially in patients older than 75 years (p &lt; 0.001). Out-of-range Fazekas scores were found in 4.3% of patients, especially in patients older than 70 years (p = 0.157). Finally, only one specific structural lesion (right frontal cavernoma) was identified in one patient (1%). Overall, at least one non-age-matched abnormality was found in 46.7% of patients. Conclusions: Although non-specific alterations not in accordance with age exist in a significant percentage of patients with FEP, the prevalence of specific lesions is very low. This suggests that neuroimaging tests could be restricted in patients with FEP, especially CT, due to the risks associated with ionizing radiation. However, further prospective and controlled studies are needed to validate our results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14144925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T11:26:37Z","timestamp":1752233197000},"page":"4925","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Value of Structural Neuroimaging in First-Episode Psychosis and the Prevalence of Imaging Abnormalities and Clinical Relevance: A Real-World Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4217-0633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Pablo","family":"Mart\u00ednez Barbero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, 18016 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Tortosa C\u00e1mara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, 18016 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8196-2653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Ramos Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula Mar\u00eda","family":"Jim\u00e9nez Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, 18016 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel Gonz\u00e1lez","family":"D\u00edez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, District Hospital Bayreuth Psychiatric Health Care Facilities of Upper Franconia, 95445, Bayreuth, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6133-9732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Mu\u00f1oz","family":"Negro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4303-7746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Prados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, 18016 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0663-2856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio Jes\u00fas L\u00e1inez","family":"Ramos-Bossini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, 18016 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0575","article-title":"Psychotic Experiences in the General Population: A Cross-National Analysis Based on 31,261 Respondents From 18 Countries","volume":"72","author":"McGrath","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbad056","article-title":"Incidence and Persistence of Psychotic Experiences in the General Population: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"49","author":"Staines","year":"2023","journal-title":"Schizophr. 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