{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:25:06Z","timestamp":1791919506538,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of General and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Wroclaw Medical University","award":["SUBZ.C270.25.092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUBZ.C270.25.092"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The relationship between spleen and bone marrow stiffness, and other features of abnormal myeloproliferation has long been described. However, the scientific knowledge in this area remains very superficial. This review evaluated the diagnostic effectiveness of various ultrasound (US) methods in the assessment of neoplastic myeloproliferation using spleen stiffness measurement (SSM). Aim: To explore the diagnostic accuracy of US techniques in assessing spleen stiffness, determining which of them may be suitable for the diagnosis of myeloproliferative diseases in adults. Methods: The review included original retrospective or prospective studies published in the last five years (2019\u20132024) in peer-reviewed medical journals that reported receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) for SSM and the articles concerning the relation between SSM values and neoplastic myeloproliferation. The studies were identified through PubMed searches on 1 July and 1 December 2024. Quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Results were tabulated according to the diagnostic method separately for myeloproliferative neoplasms (MNs) and for other clinical findings. Results: The review included 52 studies providing ROCs for SSM or compatibility between operators, and five studies covering the relation between SSM values and MNs. Conclusions: Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI), two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE), transient elastography (TE), and point shear wave elastography (p-SWE) are promising methods for measuring SSM that can be incorporated into the diagnosis, screening, and monitoring system in MNs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14155400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T07:49:58Z","timestamp":1754380198000},"page":"5400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ultrasonographic Elastography of the Spleen for Diagnosing Neoplastic Myeloproliferation: Identifying the Most Promising Methods\u2014A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5652-4456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Bilski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Sobas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Zimny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5183","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V122.21.5183.5183","article-title":"ABC expression as additionally marker to monitoring response in cml\u2014A preliminary study","volume":"122","author":"Couceiro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5010","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V118.21.5010.5010","article-title":"Drug transporters in imatinib resistance: A new therapeutic targeted approach in cml","volume":"118","author":"Alves","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2014.113944","article-title":"Somatic mutations of calreticulin in myeloproliferative neoplasms and myelodysplastic\/myeloproliferative neoplasms","volume":"99","author":"Malcovati","year":"2014","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"169","article-title":"Platelet indices in philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms\/indicii plachetari de volum \u00een neoplasmele mieloproliferative cronice philadelphia-negative","volume":"23","author":"Olteanu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rom. 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