{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T09:53:37Z","timestamp":1784714017347,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Radial head arthroplasty is a commonly preferred treatment for complex, unreconstructable radial head fractures. Recent studies have raised the question of whether factors such as bone resorption may be related to failure. This observational, retrospective, multicenter, spontaneous, and non-profit study aims to assess radiological outcomes, focusing on bone resorption around the stem, for radial head replacement using a modular, cementless radial head prosthesis with interconnected porosity. Methods: A series of 42 cases was available for review. Patients underwent radial head arthroplasty using a three-dimensional-printed radial head prosthesis. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had undergone at least one follow-up between 6 and 15 months post-operatively. A scoring system to detect bone resorption was developed and administered by two independent evaluators. Results: Forty-two patients (14 males, 28 females), with an average age of 59 \u00b1 11 years (range: 39\u201380 years), were analyzed with a minimum of six months\u2019 and a maximum of 32 months\u2019 follow-up. At follow-up, 50 radiological evaluations were collected, with 29 showing \u22643 mm and 12 showing 3\u20136 mm resorption around the stem. The average resorption was 3.5 mm \u00b1 2.3. No correlation was found between the extent of resorption and the time of follow-up. The developed scoring system allowed for a high level of correlation between the evaluators\u2019 measurements of bone resorption. Conclusions: Radial head prosthesis with interconnected porosity provided a low stem resorption rate for patients after a radial head fracture at short-to-mid-term follow-up after the definition of a reliable and easy-to-use radiological-based classification approach. (Level of Evidence: Level IV).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14155439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T08:46:55Z","timestamp":1754383615000},"page":"5439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Radial Head Prosthesis with Interconnected Porosity Showing Low Bone Resorption Around the Stem"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Valeria","family":"Vismara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scuola di Specializzazione in Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi Di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shoulder and Elbow Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Accetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Orthopaedic Institute Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Cardile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASST-Rhodense Ospedale di Garbagnate Milanese, 20024 Garbagnate Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Boero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic and Trauma Unit, Ospedale Camposampiero (Padova), AULSS 6 Euganea, 35012 Camposampiero, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Aliprandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Zucchi Clinical Institutes Spa, 20900, Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1833-6587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Porta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Zucchi Clinical Institutes Spa, 20900, Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3624-9428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Zaolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Ortopedica, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7456-3306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Marinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shoulder and Elbow Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Cazzaniga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASST-Rhodense Ospedale di Garbagnate Milanese, 20024 Garbagnate Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8273-9823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Arrigoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Ortopedica, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.10.015","article-title":"The epidemiology of radial head fractures","volume":"19","author":"Kaas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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