{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:26:30Z","timestamp":1790821590754,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Iatrogenic abductor muscle injury following intramedullary nailing for proximal hip fractures can negatively impact postoperative rehabilitation and clinical outcomes. To quantify iatrogenic abductor muscle injury after intramedullary nailing and detect the degree of degenerative change in muscle around the entry point of trochanteric fractures. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from a single center database from May to December 2023. This study utilized ultrasound examinations performed by a single expert orthopedic surgeon. This study included 61 patients who underwent intramedullary nailing surgery for adult hip fractures. All surgeries were performed by a single experienced hip surgeon. Patients who declined sonographic evaluation or did not undergo ultrasound during their admission were excluded. For more accurate comparison, sonography was also conducted on the healthy, non-operative limb. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient and ultrasound findings. A subgroup analysis using Fisher\u2019s exact test was performed to assess the association between implant type and the incidence of iatrogenic gluteus medius tendon injury. Results: Of the 61 patients, tendon tears were identified in 35 cases (57%) on the affected side, with 20 cases (33%) involving gluteus medius tendon tears without fractures on the ipsilateral facet. Gluteus minimus tendon tears were observed in 13 cases (21%), while gluteus medius tendon tears were noted in 31 cases (51%). In the unaffected limbs, tendon degeneration was detected in the form of tendinosis and calcification. Overall, 39 patients (64%) exhibited abductor tendon tendinosis, and 30 patients (49%) were diagnosed with calcification. Conclusions: Gluteus medius and Gluteus minimus are important abductors for hip disease rehabilitation. Iatrogenic gluteus medius tendon injury during the intramedullary nailing showed 33%. Abductor degeneration also showed 92% of the unaffected limbs. This study suggests that abductor degeneration can be a risk factor of falling among the elderly population and an iatrogenic abductor injury can be an obstacle for the early recovery of ambulation in the hip fracture patients. Prevention of abductor degeneration and iatrogenic abductor injury might be important for the hip fracture prevention and rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14155498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T15:56:16Z","timestamp":1754409376000},"page":"5498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Sonographic Evaluation of Abductor Injury After Intramedullary Nailing for the Hip Fractures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8746-3718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonghyun","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1 Singil-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Incheon Terminal Orthopaedic Surgery Clinic, 5F, 4, 489 Inha-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21574, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"International Academy of Regenerative Medicine, 4F, 4, 489 Inha-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21574, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"The Board of Clinical Research, The International Association of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1 Singil-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1392-829X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"King Hei Stanley","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Academy of Regenerative Medicine, 4F, 4, 489 Inha-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21574, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"The Board of Clinical Research, The International Association of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Kowloon, Hong Kong"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territory, Hong Kong"},{"name":"The Board of Clinical Research, The Hong Kong Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minjae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Incheon Terminal Orthopaedic Surgery Clinic, 5F, 4, 489 Inha-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21574, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonghyeok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Incheon Terminal Orthopaedic Surgery Clinic, 5F, 4, 489 Inha-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21574, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Bareun Neurosurgery Clinic, 39, Daenong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28402, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9141-9856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jihyo","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1 Singil-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2020.08.027","article-title":"Prognosis of nonoperative treatment in elderly patients with a hip fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Loggers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041133","article-title":"Development and initial validation of a risk score for predicting in-hospital and 1-year mortality in patients with hip fractures","volume":"20","author":"Jiang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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