{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:09:24Z","timestamp":1791994164573,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) often report difficulties adhering to dietary interventions due to a combination of physiological and psychological barriers. Therefore, this study explores the feasibility of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention as an effective and acceptable dietary approach for managing PCOS. Methods: Women with PCOS and a BMI \u2265 25 kg\/m2, aged 18\u201345 years were randomized to an ad libitum MedDiet or Healthy Eating (HE) diet (control). The 12-week intervention incorporated fortnightly, personalized dietary consultations and tailored resources. Primary outcomes were measures of feasibility, including recruitment metrics, data collection methods, and intervention adherence. Acceptability was examined using semi-structured interviews and surveys for those randomized to the MedDiet. Results: Study promotion resulted in n = 380 interested individuals; a total of n = 26 were randomized to either a MedDiet (n = 12) or HE (n = 14) group. Data collection was mostly appropriate as demonstrated by the collection of 100% of anthropometric and biochemical data; however, only 69% of the 4-day food records were returned. Participants reported the intervention was acceptable, and adherence was enhanced through individualized counselling and the provision of practical resources. At week 12, adherence was significantly greater in the MedDiet group compared to HE (8.1 \u00b1 2.4 vs. 4.6 \u00b1 1.0; p = 0.002). Adherence significantly improved from baseline to week 12 in both groups (MedDiet: 3.67 \u00b1 1.32; 8.11 \u00b1 2.37; p \u2264 0.001; HE: 3.57 \u00b1 1.27; 4.57 \u00b1 0.98; p = 0.02). Conclusions: We showed that a 12-week pilot MedDiet intervention is feasible and acceptable for women with PCOS and a BMI \u2265 25 kg\/m2. Future investigation warrants a larger, adequately powered study which addresses challenges to recruitment, attrition and collection of dietary intake data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14165842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T15:34:53Z","timestamp":1755531293000},"page":"5842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Pilot Randomized Control Trial Evaluating the Feasibility of a 12-Week Mediterranean Diet Intervention Without Caloric Restriction in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2097-7631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Scannell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1480-9869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangeline","family":"Mantzioris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UniSA: Clinical & Health Sciences, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6731-4221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Cowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4891-1076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Villani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad463","article-title":"Recommendations From the 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","volume":"108","author":"Teede","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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