{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T18:00:06Z","timestamp":1778695206416,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Opportunistic fungal infections are common among people living with HIV (PLHIV) and contribute substantially to morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization rates in this population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dermatological manifestations of fungal infections in HIV-positive patients and examine their association with demographic, clinical, and immunological characteristics. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records from 2500 PLHIV treated at the Infectious Diseases Unit of \u201cAndreas Syggros\u201d Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases between 1988 and 2017. Data from patients diagnosed with opportunistic fungal infections were analyzed. Participants were classified as either antiretroviral therapy (ART)-na\u00efve or already receiving treatment. Recorded fungal infections were correlated with epidemiological variables and CD4+ T-cell counts. Results: Opportunistic fungal infections were identified in 859 patients (34.36%), with a marked male predominance. Candidiasis was the most frequently reported condition, with a higher prevalence among female patients. Lower CD4+ counts were significantly associated with an increased risk of cryptococcal meningitis, esophageal candidiasis, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), and oral candidiasis, whereas higher CD4+ counts were more common in patients with dermatophytosis, onychomycosis, and pityriasis\/tinea versicolor. Conclusions: Opportunistic fungal infections remain highly prevalent in PLHIV, particularly among those with advanced immunosuppression. CD4+ T-cell counts are key diagnostic and prognostic markers, reinforcing their importance in monitoring disease progression and guiding clinical management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14175936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T11:50:31Z","timestamp":1755863431000},"page":"5936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A 30-Year Epidemiological Study of Opportunistic Fungal Infections in People Living with HIV in Greece: Associations with Demographic Characteristics and Immune Status"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8809-0412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodora","family":"Douvali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, NHS, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Skin and Venereal Diseases, 161 21 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasilios","family":"Paparizos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, \u201cAndreas Syggros\u201d Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, 106 79 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4081-1890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Varvara","family":"Vasalou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, \u201cAndreas Syggros\u201d Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, 106 79 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7585-1032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stamatios","family":"Gregoriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, \u201cAndreas Syggros\u201d Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, 106 79 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Chasapi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, NHS, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Skin and Venereal Diseases, 161 21 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Rigopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, \u201cAndreas Syggros\u201d Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, 106 79 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander J.","family":"Stratigos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, \u201cAndreas Syggros\u201d Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, 106 79 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8221-0217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Electra","family":"Nicolaidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, \u201cAndreas Syggros\u201d Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, 106 79 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2025). 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