{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T19:08:24Z","timestamp":1782846504964,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic pain management is constantly evolving, and our literature review aims to describe the general innovations happening within the field. The need for advancements in chronic pain is a necessity, as debilitating back pain and other forms of chronic pain are significant issues in the United States. Traditionally, medications have been the initial treatment options in cases of chronic pain; however, the advancement in pharmacogenetics has led to an increased ability to create more personalized medication plans. Additionally, neuromodulation in spinal cord stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct-current stimulation, and dorsal root ganglion stimulation continue to see increased usage in mainstream chronic pain management. These techniques have continued to prove successful in many chronic pain management cases. They are allowing practicing physicians more confidence in the variety of treatment options. Lastly, great strides have also been made in stem cell and regenerative therapies, such as platelet-rich plasma injections, and artificial intelligence, further advancing the various treatment options and overall efficiency of pain management. This review aims to critically analyze and review the most up-to-date literature within each section mentioned and comprehensively discuss the future of innovation in chronic pain management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14175957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:09:53Z","timestamp":1756080593000},"page":"5957","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["General Innovations in Pain Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1477-2072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine at Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72401, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cole","family":"Eigner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Moghim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Spine and Pain at Colorado Pain Care, Denver, CO 80222, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Abd-Elsayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001939","article-title":"The revised International Association for the Study of Pain definition of pain: Concepts, challenges, and compromises","volume":"161","author":"Raja","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21501319241253547","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319241253547","article-title":"Pain: The Silent Public Health Epidemic","volume":"15","author":"Katzman","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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