{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T15:00:00Z","timestamp":1763564400241,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"William Demant Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study assessed the efficacy and effectiveness of cochlear implants (CIs) by examining changes in speech recognition, self-reported hearing ability, hearing-related quality of life, and tinnitus over two years. Methods: A prospective two-year longitudinal study included 50 adult users of CI. Speech recognition in quiet and background noise was measured using Dantale I (with\/without visual cues; fixed 0 dB SNR) and the adaptive Hearing in Noise Test (HINT). Self-reported outcomes were obtained using the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ-12), Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ), and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Results: In post-lingually deafened users of CI (N=46), Dantale with visual cues improved from 74.2% to 94.9% (mean difference = 20.7% [95% CI: 15.8, 25.6], p&lt;0.001, dz=1.83), and without visual cues from 58.9% to 92.1% (33.1% [28.0, 38.2], p&lt;0.001, dz=2.83). Dantale with background noise improved from 23.4% to 61.7% (37.6% [32.4, 42.8], p&lt;0.001, dz=3.13), and adaptive HINT from 8.6 to 4.2 dB SNR (\u22125.8 [\u22127.0, \u22124.6], p&lt;0.001, dz=3.10). NCIQ scores increased from 292.6 to 436.3 points (145.3 [122.8, 167.8], p&lt;0.001, dz=3.11), and SSQ-12 improved by 0.60 points [0.18, 1.02] from 1 to 2 years (p=0.015, dz=0.86). Tinnitus severity remained low at the group level, with individual fluctuations over time. Conclusions: Danish adult users of CI showed substantial and sustained improvements in speech recognition and hearing-related quality of life over two years, with adaptive speech-in-noise testing proving particularly sensitive for detecting long-term changes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14176124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T12:25:57Z","timestamp":1756470357000},"page":"6124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Longitudinal Cochlear Implant Outcomes in Danish Adults: Changes in Speech Recognition, Self-Reported Hearing Ability, Hearing-Related Quality of Life, and Tinnitus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3166-4953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Line Husted","family":"Baungaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Centre, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 8, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matilde Gr\u00f8nborg","family":"Sandvej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Centre, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 8, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathilde Marie Overmark","family":"Nellemose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Centre, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 8, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne Kyhne","family":"Hestb\u00e6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Centre, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 8, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louise Brasen","family":"Br\u00e6ndgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Centre, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 8, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mie Stenner","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Centre, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 8, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2320-2214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mie L\u00e6rkeg\u00e5rd","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hearing Systems, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6837-694X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"Cay\u00e9-Thomasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Centre, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 8, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5904-3879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lone","family":"Percy-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Hearing and Balance Centre, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and Audiology Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 8, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2025, June 12). 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