{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:40:09Z","timestamp":1760060409685,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["K23AA029198-01","R15CA170091-01A1","P50AA024337-8301","P20GM113226-6169","P50AA024337","P20GM113226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AA029198-01","R15CA170091-01A1","P50AA024337-8301","P20GM113226-6169","P50AA024337","P20GM113226"]}]},{"name":"JH, INBRE, CREATE","award":["K23AA029198-01","R15CA170091-01A1","P50AA024337-8301","P20GM113226-6169","P50AA024337","P20GM113226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AA029198-01","R15CA170091-01A1","P50AA024337-8301","P20GM113226-6169","P50AA024337","P20GM113226"]}]},{"name":"Medicaid","award":["K23AA029198-01","R15CA170091-01A1","P50AA024337-8301","P20GM113226-6169","P50AA024337","P20GM113226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AA029198-01","R15CA170091-01A1","P50AA024337-8301","P20GM113226-6169","P50AA024337","P20GM113226"]}]},{"name":"VA","award":["K23AA029198-01","R15CA170091-01A1","P50AA024337-8301","P20GM113226-6169","P50AA024337","P20GM113226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AA029198-01","R15CA170091-01A1","P50AA024337-8301","P20GM113226-6169","P50AA024337","P20GM113226"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is an acute inflammatory condition of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) with rapid progression and high mortality. The Age-Bilirubin-INR-Creatinine (ABIC) score is a static algorithm that predicts survivability in AH. The roles of alcohol drinking patterns and nutritional status in AH progression and risk of death are understudied. This study evaluates the impact of alcohol drinking patterns and nutrition on AH progression and mortality. Methods: Sixty-one adult patients diagnosed with AH were stratified by the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) as non-severe (MELD &lt; 20, n = 26, Gr.1) and severe (MELD \u2265 20, n = 35, Gr.2). Each group was further subdivided by ABIC: low- (&lt;6.71), intermediate- (6.71\u20139), and high- (&gt;9) risk categories. We assessed different demographics: nutrition using the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score; lifetime drinking history (LTDH); recent alcohol use (AUDIT); laboratory measures (complete metabolic panel, complete blood count, and coagulation), and clinical measures (Maddrey DF, Child\u2013Turcotte\u2013Pugh, and Lille). Results: All patients showed a significant and positive correlation between ABIC and LTDH (r = 0.538, p = 0.004), particularly in Gr.2 (r = 0.554, p = 0.011). The low-risk Gr.2 exhibited the highest AST:ALTs. AST:ALTs were significantly associated with LTDH, AUDIT, and CONUT (R2 = 0.539, p = 0.031). In all AH patients with intermediate mortality risk, AST:ALTs were strongly linked to CONUT and LTDH (R2 = 0.657, p = 0.017). Conclusions: Severe AH demonstrates rapid liver injury progression even when the mortality risk is low. Chronic and recent heavy alcohol consumption and poor nutrition adversely impact AH severity and mortality risk. Alcohol intake and nutritional assessments in routine clinicals could identify high-risk patients, thereby improving treatment and a favorable prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14176157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T13:01:13Z","timestamp":1756818073000},"page":"6157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronic and Heavy Drinking, Nutrition Status, and Progression of Liver Injury Negatively Affect the Mortality Risk in Patients Suffering from Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7410-3539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aishwarya","family":"Thakurdesai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory for the Intervention Development of AUD and Organ Severity, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory for the Intervention Development of AUD and Organ Severity, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Shay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory for the Intervention Development of AUD and Organ Severity, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Elgharabawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory for the Intervention Development of AUD and Organ Severity, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evan J.","family":"Winrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory for the Intervention Development of AUD and Organ Severity, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amber","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Cave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA"},{"name":"Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7313-9084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maiying","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1102-6313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashwani K.","family":"Singal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7219-8939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig J.","family":"McClain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6764-6891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vatsalya","family":"Vatsalya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory for the Intervention Development of AUD and Organ Severity, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2004.11.001","article-title":"Morphology of alcoholic liver disease","volume":"9","author":"Lefkowitch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. 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