{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:41:28Z","timestamp":1760060488424,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Victor Babe\u0219 University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Hospital-based data can complement registry estimates for cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) oncology, particularly in under-reported regions. We aimed to describe the institutional case-mix of CMF tumor diagnoses, standardized to ICD-10 sites, and to quantify trends using visit-normalized indicators. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational, single-center, hospital-based study of diagnosis-level encounters (2012\u20132016). Diagnoses were recoded to ICD-10 and restricted to CMF sites (lip, oral cavity, major salivary glands, oropharynx\/hypopharynx, nasal cavity\/middle ear, paranasal sinuses, eye\/adnexa). The primary indicator uses a strict CMF set (malignant CMF codes plus D00.0 and D14.1); odontogenic cysts and non-neoplastic jaw lesions (K09\u2013K10) were excluded, while benign CMF neoplasms are reported descriptively for site distributions. Results: We identified 2729 malignant CMF diagnoses over 2012\u20132016, peaking in 2014 (n = 751) and lowest in 2016 (n = 367). The combined malignant rate (per 1000 total visits) was 30.6, 43.9, 52.6, 34.4, and 26.7 for 2012\u21922016. The proportion of malignancies within the strict CMF set was 99.2%, 97.3%, 97.9%, 96.8%, and 95.1%, respectively (overall 97.4%). The most frequent malignant sites cumulatively were the palate (n = 416), parotid gland (n = 376), floor of mouth (n = 344), gingiva (n = 282), and mouth, unspecified (n = 179). Conclusions: After ICD-10 recoding and restriction to CMF sites, malignant tumors predominated within the institutional, diagnosis-level case-mix, with a 2014 peak followed by a decline. These indicators are case-mix monitors and not population incidences; interpretation should consider coding practices and service-mix changes across years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14176256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T07:46:17Z","timestamp":1757058377000},"page":"6256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Frequency and Characteristics of Craniomaxillofacial Tumors: A Five-Year Retrospective Institutional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2580-2432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George-Dumitru","family":"Constantin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Clinical Practical Skills, Department I Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4837-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana","family":"Veja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, \u201cVasile Goldi\u0219\u201d Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serban Talpos","family":"Niculescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9017-1046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Crisanta-Alina","family":"Mazilescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teacher Training Department, Politehnica University Timisoara, 300596 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7753-7621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teodora","family":"Hoinoiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Clinical Practical Skills, Department I Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3194-2012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina Oana","family":"Buda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Research and Processing Center for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8438-1976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana","family":"Oancea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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Cancer Netw."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/17\/6256\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:39:39Z","timestamp":1760035179000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/17\/6256"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm14176256"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14176256","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2077-0383"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]}}}