{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:43:27Z","timestamp":1760060607128,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a frequent complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), with significant clinical and quality-of-life implications. Endovascular techniques have emerged as potential strategies to reduce PTS severity in selected patients, though evidence remains inconclusive. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study including 176 patients with iliac or iliofemoral DVT from four hospitals in Murcia, Spain. Patients were treated either with anticoagulation alone (n = 121) or with endovascular techniques followed by anticoagulation (n = 55). The primary outcome was the presence of PTS at 12 months, defined by the presence of \u22655 signs\/symptoms from the Villalta scale. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of PTS. Results: No significant differences were observed in the overall prevalence of PTS between the endovascular and anticoagulation-only groups at 12 months (25.4% vs. 23.2%, p = 0.63). However, edema and skin hyperpigmentation were significantly more frequent in the anticoagulation-only group. Patients treated with endovascular techniques had lower rates of residual thrombosis at follow-up (34.6% vs. 53.9%, p = 0.03). Multivariate analysis identified residual thrombosis (OR 6.3, 95% CI 2.74\u201314.5), persistently elevated D-dimer (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.1\u20139.7), and age (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.003\u20131.042) as independent predictors of PTS. Mortality was significantly higher in the anticoagulation-only group, largely driven by a higher cancer prevalence. Conclusions: Endovascular techniques did not significantly reduce the overall incidence of PTS but were associated with lower rates of specific signs such as edema and hyperpigmentation. Residual thrombosis remains a key predictor of PTS and may represent a modifiable therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14176280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T14:53:01Z","timestamp":1757083981000},"page":"6280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Endovascular Treatment on the Development of Post-Thrombotic Syndrome in Iliac and Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5782-7251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Puche Palao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Arrixaca, Vereda de la Barca No. 12, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0861-9927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Trujillo-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Santa Luc\u00eda, 30202 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0403-2205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Ot\u00e1lora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Arrixaca, Vereda de la Barca No. 12, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3663-5094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia","family":"Guirado-Torrecillas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Arrixaca, Vereda de la Barca No. 12, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9700-7334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Pag\u00e1n-Escribano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer, 30008 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3096-4711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Demelo-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Venous Thromboembolism Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.12180","article-title":"Post-thrombotic syndrome: A clinical review","volume":"11","author":"Baldwin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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