{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T13:20:07Z","timestamp":1791811207457,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objective: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) ranks among the most common postoperative complications, affecting up to 80% of patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. This condition negatively impacts patient comfort and well-being while also potentially delaying ambulation and increasing the risk of anastomotic and wound dehiscence. Although various interventions can mitigate the risk of PONV, none are entirely effective; therefore, combined prophylactic strategies are the standard approach. In recent years, numerous techniques and interventions have emerged; consequently, this scoping review aims to assess the current evidence regarding PONV prevention in patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric procedures. Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered with OSF. A search was performed across the MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to May 2025, focusing on adult patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgeries with PONV as a primary or secondary outcome. Results: A total of 81 studies were included in this review, encompassing a broad range of perioperative techniques, including opioid-sparing adjuvants, regional anesthesia, and pharmacological interventions. Conclusions: While there is general consensus and guidance advocating for a multimodal approach to PONV prevention, debates persist regarding the optimal techniques and antiemetic drug regimens to implement. Emerging evidence, particularly concerning regional anesthesia strategies and combined pharmacological prophylaxis, including novel agents, highlights the potential advantages of innovative approaches. Highlights: Effective management of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery is essential, given its impact on patient comfort, recovery, and the potential to prevent wound or anastomotic dehiscence. Although multimodal antiemetic strategies are regarded as standard, disagreements remain regarding specific measures to be adopted. New techniques and strategies, including advanced regional anesthesia techniques, pharmacological, and non-pharmacological methods, offer promising avenues for improved prophylaxis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14196901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T09:12:23Z","timestamp":1759223543000},"page":"6901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Evidence-Based Perioperative Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2101-1863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Mieszcza\u0144ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Jurczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rados\u0142aw","family":"Cylke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Transplantology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Ziemia\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Transplantology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janusz","family":"Trzebicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2020.05.017","article-title":"Assessment of postoperative nausea and vomiting after bariatric surgery using a validated questionnaire","volume":"16","author":"Kushner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"90","article-title":"Postoperative nausea and vomiting in bariatric surgery in comparison to non-bariatric gastric surgery","volume":"14","author":"Groene","year":"2019","journal-title":"Videosurg. Other Miniinvasive Tech."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12884","article-title":"Post-operative nausea and vomiting in bariatric surgery patients: An observational study","volume":"61","author":"Halliday","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000427","article-title":"Impact of a prophylactic combination of dexamethasone\u2013ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in obese adult patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy during closed-loop propofol\u2013remifentanil anaesthesia","volume":"33","author":"Bataille","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liao, B., Liao, W., Wu, X., Liu, S., Li, Y., Qin, R., and Yin, S. (2024). Analysis of influencing factors and construction of prediction model for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A single-center retrospective cohort study. BMC Anesthesiol., 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02502-z"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1097\/00004311-200341040-00012","article-title":"Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting and Outcome","volume":"41","author":"Scuderi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. Anesthesiol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: A revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.3109\/08941939.2013.875606","article-title":"Is Nasogastric Decompression Useful in Prevention of Leaks After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy? A Randomized Trial","volume":"27","author":"Rossetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Investig. Surg."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39242","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000039242","article-title":"Predictive factors for readmission after bariatric surgery: Experience of an obesity center","volume":"103","author":"Rashdan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2020.07.003","article-title":"Clinical and economic burden of postoperative nausea and vomiting: Analysis of existing cost data","volume":"34","author":"Gress","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Sizemore, D.C. (2025, September 14). Postoperative Nausea, Available online: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK500029\/."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2018.11.002","article-title":"Impact of implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: A prospective randomized clinical trial","volume":"15","author":"Garcia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.21832.1","article-title":"Management strategies for the treatment and prevention of postoperative\/postdischarge nausea and vomiting: An updated review","volume":"9","author":"White","year":"2020","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060519835700","article-title":"Effect of multimodal intervention on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy","volume":"47","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-021-06394-9","article-title":"Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Bariatric Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Recommendations: A 2021 Update","volume":"46","author":"Stenberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199909000-00022","article-title":"A Simplified Risk Score for Predicting Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting","volume":"91","author":"Apfel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"28","article-title":"Nausea and vomiting after surgery","volume":"13","author":"Pierre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Contin. Educ. Anaesth. Crit. Care Pain"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"109","article-title":"A study of different anaesthetic methods on postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in a tertiary hospital in Central India","volume":"15","author":"Shrivastava","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2017.12.001","article-title":"A comparison between inhalational (Desflurane) and total intravenous anaesthesia (Propofol and dexmedetomidine) in improving postoperative recovery for morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A double-blinded randomised controlled trial","volume":"45","author":"Elbakry","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Anesth."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet551","article-title":"Opioid-free total intravenous anaesthesia reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting in bariatric surgery beyond triple prophylaxis","volume":"112","author":"Goldfarb","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4250","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-020-04795-8","article-title":"A Comprehensive Approach for the Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting Following Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"30","author":"Spaniolas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2019.05.010","article-title":"Pain and nausea after bariatric surgery with total intravenous anesthesia versus desflurane anesthesia: A double blind, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Aftab","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1089\/bari.2016.0044","article-title":"Comparison of Propofol with Desflurane for Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Morbidly Obese patients: A Prospective Randomized Trial","volume":"12","author":"Honca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bariatr. Surg. Pract. Patient Care"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1381\/096089206777346691","article-title":"Postoperative Results after Desflurane or Sevoflurane Combined with Remifentanil in Morbidly Obese Patients","volume":"16","author":"Jacobs","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07207-3","article-title":"The Effect of Depth of Anesthesia on Postoperative Pain in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0000000000000049","article-title":"Sugammadex Reduces Postoperative Pain After Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery","volume":"24","author":"Castro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surg. Laparosc. Endosc. Percutaneous Tech."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, W.-L., Wen, Y.-L., Xu, W.-M., Xu, C.-L., Yin, W.-Q., and Lin, J.-Y. (2024). Effect of deep neuromuscular block on the quality of early recovery after sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol., 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02465-1"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, H., Zhou, L., Yu, Y., Liu, S., Xu, H., Xu, Z., Yang, C., and Liu, C. (2022). Comparison of Deep and Moderate Neuromuscular Blockade on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in Laparoscopic Gastrectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Front. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.789597"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2021.04.014","article-title":"The influence of preoperative carbohydrate loading on postoperative outcomes in bariatric surgery patients: A randomized, controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Suh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2021.06.004","article-title":"Perioperative hemodynamic optimization in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy using stroke volume variation to reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting","volume":"17","author":"Cho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3533","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-022-06260-0","article-title":"The Impact of Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in High-Risk Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy","volume":"32","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"135","article-title":"Total Intravenous Anesthesia Versus Inhalation Anesthesia on Postoperative Analgesia and Nausea and Vomiting After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"59","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian J. Anesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjan.2016.10.002","article-title":"Benefit of general anesthesia monitored by bispectral index compared with monitoring guided only by clinical parameters. Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"67","author":"Oliveira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Braz. J. Anesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/82.3.379","article-title":"Omitting antagonism of neuromuscular block: Effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting and risk of residual paralysis. A systematic review","volume":"82","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004833","article-title":"Fourth Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting","volume":"131","author":"Gan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2024.101457","article-title":"Nasogastric tube after laparoscopic Heller-Dor surgery: Do you really need it?","volume":"61","author":"Palomba","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Probl. Surg."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nasogastric decompression following esophagectomy: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Weijs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dis. Esophagus"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"zrab111","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zrab111","article-title":"Impact of routine nasogastric decompression versus no nasogastric decompression after pancreaticoduodenectomy on perioperative outcomes: Meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Ammar","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJS Open"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2998","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-018-3316-7","article-title":"A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Intravenous Acetaminophen on Hospital Length of Stay in Obese Individuals Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy","volume":"28","author":"Cooke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-025-07752-5","article-title":"Intravenous Ibuprofen Versus Ketorolac for Perioperative Pain Control in Patients with Morbid Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"35","author":"Amin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2005.08.013","article-title":"Efficacy of ketorolac in lieu of narcotics in the operative management of laparoscopic surgery for morbid obesity","volume":"1","author":"Govindarajan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.4103\/aer.AER_126_19","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine compared to remifentanil infusion as adjuvant to sevoflurane anesthesia during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy","volume":"13","author":"Hamed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anesth. Essays Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khalil, B.N., Elderh, M.S., Khaja, M.A., El-Shaer, A.N., Ali, B.E., and Taeimah, M.O. (2023). Perioperative use of ketamine infusion versus dexmedetomidine infusion for analgesia in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery: A double-blinded three-armed randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol., 23.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-023-02059-3"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3368","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-015-4614-y","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine versus morphine infusion following laparoscopic bariatric surgery: Effect on supplemental narcotic requirement during the first 24 h","volume":"30","author":"Obeidat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3800","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-019-04074-1","article-title":"The Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Versus Morphine on Postoperative Morphine Requirements After Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery","volume":"29","author":"Zeeni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"537","article-title":"Effects of dexmedetomidine in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass","volume":"19","author":"Bakhamees","year":"2007","journal-title":"Middle East J. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"212","article-title":"Systemic Lidocaine to Improve Quality of Recovery after Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"24","author":"Duncan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3912","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-020-04748-1","article-title":"Assessment of the Effect of Perioperative Venous Lidocaine on the Intensity of Pain and IL-6 Concentration After Laparoscopic Gastroplasty","volume":"30","author":"Coelho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.17.11855-9","article-title":"The impact of dexmedetomidine or xylocaine continuous infusion on opioid consumption and recovery after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy","volume":"83","author":"Sherif","year":"2017","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S356880","article-title":"Effect of Intravenous Infusion of Lidocaine Compared with Ultrasound-Guided Transverse Abdominal Plane Block on the Quality of Postoperative Recovery in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.03.027","article-title":"Analgesic efficacy of systemic lidocaine using lean body mass based dosing regime versus placebo in bariatric surgery: A prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-centre study","volume":"131","author":"Yurttas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15150","article-title":"Effect of intra-operative intravenous lidocaine on opioid consumption after bariatric surgery: A prospective, randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled study","volume":"76","author":"Plass","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-019-04340-2","article-title":"Randomized, Double-Blind Study of the Effect of Intraoperative Intravenous Lidocaine on the Opioid Consumption and Criteria for Hospital Discharge After Bariatric Surgery","volume":"30","author":"Sakata","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.9734\/jpri\/2019\/v26i530150","article-title":"Comparison of the Effect of Intraoperative 1 mg\/kg\/h and 2 mg\/kg\/h IV Lidocaine Infusion on Postoperative Pain and Nausea-Vomiting in Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Surgery","volume":"26","author":"Alimian","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egja.2011.07.009","article-title":"The effect of combined remifentanil and low dose ketamine infusion in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass","volume":"27","author":"Hasanein","year":"2011","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-023-06676-2","article-title":"Intraoperative Esketamine Is Effective at Reducing Acute Postoperative Pain in Bariatric Surgery Patients: A Randomized Control Trial","volume":"33","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2020.110097","article-title":"Analgesic efficacy of ketamine and magnesium after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"68","author":"Thiruvenkatarajan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Anesth."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2020.11.027","article-title":"Ketamine infusion reduces narcotic requirements following gastric bypass surgery: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Mehta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-023-00519-9","article-title":"Effect of Intraoperative Infusion of Esketamine on Quality of Postoperative Recovery in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain Ther."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-009-9944-1","article-title":"Analgesic Effects of a Single Preoperative Dose of Pregabalin after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy","volume":"20","author":"Schulmeyer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.4300","article-title":"Effect of Oral Pregabalin Premedication on Post-Operative Pain in Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Surgery","volume":"2","author":"Alimian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anesthesiol. Pain Med."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egja.2016.04.008","article-title":"Multimodal analgesia with pregabalin and dexmedetomidine in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A prospective randomized double blind placebo controlled study","volume":"32","author":"Salama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22372","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.22372","article-title":"The Effect of Gabapentin on Reducing Pain After Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Surgery in Patients with Morbid Obesity; A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"5","author":"Hassani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anesthesiol. Pain Med."},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"2","article-title":"A Randomized Controlled, Double-Blind Trial Evaluating the Effect of Opi-oid-Free Versus Opioid General Anaesthesia on Postoperative Pain and Discomfort Measured by the QoR-40","volume":"6","author":"Mulier","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Anesth. Pain Med."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mieszcza\u0144ski, P., G\u00f3rniewski, G., Ziemia\u0144ski, P., Cylke, R., Lisik, W., and Trzebicki, J. (2023). Comparison between multimodal and intraoperative opioid free anesthesia for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A prospective, randomized study. Sci. Rep., 13.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39856-2"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjao.2024.100263","article-title":"Effect of opioid-free versus opioid-based strategies during multimodal anaesthesia on postoperative morphine consumption after bariatric surgery: A randomised double-blind clinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Clanet","year":"2024","journal-title":"BJA Open"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-02565-9","article-title":"Opioid-free anesthesia in bariatric surgery: A prospective randomized controlled trial","volume":"30","author":"Dagher","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e258964582208110","DOI":"10.2174\/25896458-v16-e2208110","article-title":"Opioid-free Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Gastroplasty. A Prospective and Randomized Trial","volume":"16","author":"Menck","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Anesth. J."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campos-P\u00e9rez, W., Ram\u00edrez-Plascencia, L., P\u00e9rez-Robles, M., Rivera-Vald\u00e9s, J.J., S\u00e1nchez-Mu\u00f1oz, P., P\u00e9rez-Vargas, L., Gonz\u00e1lez-Landeros, D., Cuevas, J.H.M., and Mart\u00ednez-L\u00f3pez, E. (2022). A comparison of opioid-containing anesthesia versus opioid-free anesthesia using the Cort\u00ednez-Sep\u00falveda model on differential cytokine responses in obese patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol., 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-022-01838-8"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s42077-022-00218-1","article-title":"Comparing opioid free general anesthesia to traditional balanced general anesthesia regarding achievement of enhanced recovery in laparoscopic bariatric surgeries","volume":"14","author":"Soudi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ain-Shams J. Anesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-019-04934-y","article-title":"Evidence-Based Management of Postoperative Pain in Adults Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy","volume":"43","author":"Macfater","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carron, M., Tamburini, E., Linassi, F., Pettenuzzo, T., Boscolo, A., and Navalesi, P. (2024). Non-Opioid Analgesics and Adjuvants after Surgery in Adults with Obesity: Systematic Review with Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J. Clin. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13072100"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altamimi, R., Alnajjar, D., Bin Salamah, R., Mandoorah, J., Alghamdi, A., Aloteibi, R.E., Almusharaf, L., and Albabtain, B. (2025). Dexmedetomidine in Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Its Effects on Postoperative Pain and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. J. Clin. Med., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14030679"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07300-7","article-title":"Effects of Intravenous Lidocaine on Quality of Recovery After Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"34","author":"Barbosa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103783","article-title":"Ketamine as a component of multimodal analgesia for pain management in bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"78","author":"Chaouch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(95)00073-2","article-title":"Mechanisms of hyperalgesian and morphine tolerance: A current view of their possible interactions","volume":"62","author":"Mao","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e318191db68","article-title":"Ketamine-Associated Vomiting","volume":"25","author":"Thorp","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr. Emerg. Care"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hung, K.-C., Chang, L.-C., Ho, C.-N., Hsu, C.-W., Wu, J.-Y., Lin, Y.-T., and Chen, I.-W. (2024). Influence of Intravenous Magnesium Sulfate Infusion on the Subjective Postoperative Quality of Recovery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16142375"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2734","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-022-06109-6","article-title":"Analgesic Efficacy of Gabapentin and Pregabalin in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Hung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-024-08225-3","article-title":"The effect of pre-emptive oral pregabalin on opioid consumption in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with an analysis of intraoperative hemodynamic stability and quality of recovery: Study protocol for a randomized, prospective, double-blind study","volume":"25","author":"Mieszczanski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2017.11.002","article-title":"Special indications for Opioid Free Anaesthesia and Analgesia, patient and procedure related: Including obesity, sleep apnoea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, complex regional pain syndromes, opioid addiction and cancer surgery","volume":"31","author":"Sultana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000006942","article-title":"Opioid-Sparing Anesthesia Versus Opioid-Free Anesthesia for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","volume":"140","author":"Ao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003725","article-title":"Balanced Opioid-free Anesthesia with Dexmedetomidine versus Balanced Anesthesia with Remifentanil for Major or Intermediate Noncardiac Surgery","volume":"134","author":"Beloeil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.2174\/1874321801307010030","article-title":"A Randomized, Double Blind Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Palonosetron with Dexamethasone Versus Palonosetron Alone for Prevention of Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting in Subjects Undergoing Bariatric Surgeries with High Emetogenic Risk","volume":"7","author":"Didehvar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open Anesthesiol. J."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-013-0923-1","article-title":"The Combination of Haloperidol, Dexamethasone, and Ondansetron for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial","volume":"23","author":"Benevides","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1080\/00015458.2023.2184939","article-title":"Impact of body weight-based dosing of palonosetron and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A randomized, double-blind study","volume":"124","author":"Burcu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Chir. Belg."},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"523","article-title":"Palonosetron-dexamethasone versus ondansetron-dexamethasone to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A preliminary, randomized, double blinded study","volume":"4","author":"Kaloria","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. Clin. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07129-0","article-title":"The impact of Aprepitant on Nausea and Vomiting following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"34","author":"Ortiz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-013-1065-1","article-title":"Aprepitant\u2019s Prophylactic Efficacy in Decreasing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery","volume":"24","author":"Sinha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_91","first-page":"3541073","article-title":"A Randomized Controlled Trial for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Aprepitant\/Dexamethasone vs. Mirtazapine\/Dexamethasone","volume":"2022","author":"Ashoor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anesthesiol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_92","first-page":"175","article-title":"Evaluation and Comparison of Two Different Combined Regimens for Prophylaxis of Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"61","author":"Shahinpour","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Medica Iran."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57810","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.57810","article-title":"Comparison Effect of Promethazine\/Dexamethasone and Metoclopramide\/Dexamethasone on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Laparascopic Gastric Placation: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"7","author":"Talebpour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesthesiol. Pain Med."},{"key":"ref_94","first-page":"357","article-title":"Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery\u2014Granisetron alone vs granisetron combined with dexamethasone\/droperidol","volume":"19","author":"Moussa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Middle East J. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4495","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-023-09939-2","article-title":"Effects of ondansetron, metoclopramide and granisetron on perioperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergone bariatric surgery: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"37","author":"Ebrahimian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4371","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-021-05589-2","article-title":"Prophylactic Administration of Diphenhydramine\/Acetaminophen and Ondansetron Reduced Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting and Pain Following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"31","author":"Pourfakhr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_97","first-page":"42","article-title":"Efficacy of Combining Cyclizine, Metoclopramide, or On-dansetron with Dexamethasone in Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy; A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"32","author":"Ahmed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Middle East J. Anesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7717","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-022-09075-3","article-title":"Effect of intravenous scopolamine before stapling, on postoperative nausea and vomiting in sleeve gastrectomy patients: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Atif","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2021.08.005","article-title":"Postoperative nausea and vomiting in bariatric surgery: A position statement endorsed by the ASMBS and the ISPCOP","volume":"17","author":"Schumann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_100","first-page":"CD011940","article-title":"Adverse side effects of dexamethasone in surgical patients","volume":"8","author":"Polderman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tricco, A.C., Soobiah, C., Blondal, E., Veroniki, A.A., Khan, P.A., Vafaei, A., Ivory, J., Strifler, L., Ashoor, H., and MacDonald, H. (2015). Comparative efficacy of serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists in patients undergoing surgery: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMC Med., 13.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0371-y"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07338-7","article-title":"The Efficacy of Aprepitant in Preventing Post-bariatric Surgery Nausea and Vomiting: Evidence from Clinical Trials","volume":"34","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2015-133515","article-title":"Aprepitant for postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"92","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.06.029","article-title":"Fosaprepitant for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery: A randomised trial","volume":"131","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2014.01.009","article-title":"A Comparison of Two Differing Doses of Promethazine for the Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting","volume":"30","author":"Deitrick","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Perianesth. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aes325","article-title":"Systemic metoclopramide to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting: A meta-analysis without Fujii\u2019s studies","volume":"109","author":"Chang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2002.t01-1-460303.x","article-title":"Dimenhydrinate for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"46","author":"Kranke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2010.11.014","article-title":"Transdermal scopolamine for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Apfel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000250364.91567.72","article-title":"Transdermal Scopolamine: An Alternative to Ondansetron and Droperidol for the Prevention of Postoperative and Postdischarge Emetic Symptoms","volume":"104","author":"White","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000001506","article-title":"Regional anesthesia in bariatric surgery","volume":"38","author":"Tulgar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-025-07934-1","article-title":"Comparison of Posterior Quadratus Lumborum Block vs Surgical Wound Infiltration in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Sleeve Gastrectomy Surgery","volume":"35","author":"Shariat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2019.06.004","article-title":"Efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine versus bupivacaine in port site injections on postoperative pain within enhanced recovery after bariatric surgery program: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"15","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-025-07871-z","article-title":"The Effects of Intraperitoneal Dexmedetomidine in Comparison with Ropivacaine in Postoperative Pain After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial","volume":"35","author":"Neishaboury","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-017-3659-8","article-title":"Analgesic Effect of Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine Hydrochloride After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"22","author":"Alamdari","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Gastrointest. Surg."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-019-03775-x","article-title":"Efficacy of Intraperitoneal Instillation of Bupivacaine after Bariatric Surgery: Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"29","author":"Omar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-022-06086-w","article-title":"Intraperitoneal Instillation of Local Anesthetic (IPILA) in Bariatric Surgery and the Effect on Post-operative Pain Scores: A Randomized Control Trial","volume":"32","author":"Kaur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-008-9628-2","article-title":"Continuous Infusion of Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine after Laparoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"18","author":"Sherwinter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-018-6261-6","article-title":"Efficacy of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic gastric sleeve resection: A randomized single blinded case control study","volume":"32","author":"Mittal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-019-03720-y","article-title":"Impact of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Postoperative Pain and Early Outcome After Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Double-Blinded Controlled Trial","volume":"29","author":"Emile","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egja.2014.01.003","article-title":"Efficacy of ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane block after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study","volume":"30","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S471813","article-title":"The Effect of Opioid-Free Anesthesia with Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Randomized Controlled Study","volume":"17","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-013-0958-3","article-title":"Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block for Laparoscopic Gastric-Bypass Surgery:a Prospective Randomized Controlled Double-Blinded Trial","volume":"23","author":"Albrecht","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.07.010","article-title":"Efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in pain management after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG): A double-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"217","author":"Saber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07576-9","article-title":"The Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block on Postoperative Opioid Consumption and Respiratory Recovery in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Controlled Study","volume":"35","author":"Karaveli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12975","article-title":"Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"21","author":"Mostafa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Pract."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s42077-021-00140-y","article-title":"Pre-emptive quadratus lumborum block for laparoscopic bariatric surgery: A prospective randomized controlled study","volume":"13","author":"Omran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ain-Shams J. Anesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-022-00373-1","article-title":"Analgesic Efficacy of Transverse Abdominis Plane Block and Quadratus Lumborum Block in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Double-Blinded Clinical Trial","volume":"11","author":"Xue","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pain Ther."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.24569","article-title":"Analgesic efficacy of the external oblique intercostal fascial plane block on postoperative acute pain in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"78","author":"Ozel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Korean J. Anesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3726","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07454-4","article-title":"Bilateral Ultrasound-Guided External Oblique Intercostal Block Vs. Modified Thoracoabdominal Nerve Block Through Perichondrial Approach for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study","volume":"34","author":"Turunc","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000250223.49963.0f","article-title":"The Analgesic Efficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block After Abdominal Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"104","author":"McDonnell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4244","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07532-7","article-title":"Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block as an Effective Path to Reduce Opioid Consumption After Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"34","author":"Filardi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17431","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.17431","article-title":"Erector spinae plane block versus paravertebral block on postoperative quality of recovery in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4211","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-024-07515-8","article-title":"Efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block on Postoperative Analgesia for Patients Undergoing Metabolic Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"34","author":"Jinaworn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-025-07724-9","article-title":"Efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block on Analgesic Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Metabolic Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"35","author":"Hung","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.sja_236_22","article-title":"Perioperative Pain Management in Bariatric Anesthesia","volume":"16","author":"Eipe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi J. Anaesth."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/19\/6901\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T09:50:07Z","timestamp":1759225807000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/19\/6901"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"references-count":135,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm14196901"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14196901","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]}}}