{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T18:37:46Z","timestamp":1771958266932,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The purpose of this study was evaluation of the efficacy and the rate of complication of a foldable sutureless scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SSF-IOL), named Carlevale IOL, for the treatment of aphakia without sufficient capsular support due to trauma or complicated cataract surgery. Methods: Retrospective, consecutive interventional case series. All consecutive eyes with secondary implantation of aphakic SSF-IOL were considered. The primary outcomes were as follows: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error (RE), and intraocular pressure (IOP). Secondary outcome was the occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results: SSF-IOL was performed in 21 eyes of 21 patients (7 men and 14 women) with mean age of 74 years (range from 36 to 90 years). The mean follow-up time was 11.4 months. VA improved significantly (p = 0.0007) from 0.38 logMAR at baseline to 0.11 logMAR at the final follow-up. BCVA improved in 18 patients, remained equal in 2 cases, and worsened in 1 case. Mean postoperative RE was \u22120.83 Diopters (D) (Median = \u22120.50 D, SD = 1.05 D) and it was less than 1D in 61.9% of patients. Mean IOP at the end of the follow-up was 15.78 mmHg (ranged from 10 to 22 mmHg, SD = 3.65). In one patient a vitreous hemorrhage was observed intraoperatively, but it resolved spontaneously. Postoperative complications included one case of cystoid macular edema and one case of epiretinal membrane. Conclusions: Carlevale SSF-IOL implantation seems to be an effective and safe procedure, ensuring good visual outcomes with a low rate of complication in eyes indicated for secondary IOL implantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14207309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T11:39:34Z","timestamp":1760701174000},"page":"7309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Anatomical and Functional Outcomes of Sutureless Scleral-Fixated Carlevale Intraocular Lens Implantation: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"S\u0142oka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial Eye Hospital in Krakow, 31-723 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Chor\u0105giewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8432-7232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Urba\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6785-6741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Wi\u0119syk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7111-7079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Wo\u017aniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Dolar-Szczasny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariusz","family":"Spyra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Visum Clinic, Eye Surgery Center in Rzesz\u00f3w, 35-302 Rzeszow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5805-8761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Nowomiejska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7152-2613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario Damiano","family":"Toro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Department, Eye Clinic, University of Naples, Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Rejdak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.01.043","article-title":"Postoperative Aphakia in Modern Cataract Surgery\u2014Part 1: Analysis of Incidence and Risks Based on 5-Year Data from the Swedish National Cataract Register","volume":"30","author":"Brege","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.01.044","article-title":"Postoperative Aphakia in Modern Cataract Surgery \u2014Part 2: Detailed Analysis of the Cause of Aphakia and the Visual Outcome","volume":"30","author":"Brege","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S205148","article-title":"Intraocular Lens Implantation In The Ciliary Sulcus: Challenges And Risks","volume":"13","author":"Mehta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2005.06.010","article-title":"Techniques of Intraocular Lens Suspension in the Absence of Capsular\/Zonular Support","volume":"50","author":"Por","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.05.029","article-title":"Scleral Fixation without Conjunctival Dissection","volume":"32","author":"Hoffman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-306839","article-title":"Scleral Fixation of Intraocular Lenses Using Gore-Tex Suture: Clinical Outcomes and Safety Profile","volume":"100","author":"Khan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"692","article-title":"Ab Externo Sulcus Fixation","volume":"22","author":"Lewis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00159844","article-title":"Lens Guide Suture for Transport and Fixation in Secondary IOL Implantation after Intracapsular Extraction","volume":"9","author":"Malbran","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"698","article-title":"A Refined Technique of Transscleral Suture Fixation of Posterior Chamber Lenses Developed for Cases of Complicated Cataract Surgery with Vitreous Loss","volume":"24","author":"Mittelviefhaus","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.162180","article-title":"Z-Suture: A New Knotless Technique for Transscleral Suture Fixation of Intraocular Implants","volume":"94","author":"Szurman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-014-2834-9","article-title":"Sutureless Scleral Fixation of Intraocular Lenses: Outcomes of Two Approaches. The 2014 Yasuo Tano Memorial Lecture","volume":"253","author":"Abbey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Graefe Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2008.04.040","article-title":"Fibrin Glue-Assisted Sutureless Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation in Eyes with Deficient Posterior Capsules","volume":"34","author":"Agarwal","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182479b61","article-title":"A Novel Approach for Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Placement or Rescue via a Sutureless Scleral Fixation Technique","volume":"32","author":"Prenner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2009.09.024","article-title":"Intermediate Results of Sutureless Intrascleral Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Fixation","volume":"36","author":"Scharioth","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.08.043","article-title":"Sutureless 27-Gauge Needle-Guided Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Implantation with Lamellar Scleral Dissection","volume":"121","author":"Yamane","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-020-04789-3","article-title":"A Novel Intraocular Lens Designed for Sutureless Scleral Fixation: Surgical Series","volume":"259","author":"Rossi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Graefe Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-020-04980-6","article-title":"Sutureless Scleral Fixation: Comparison between 3-Piece IOL and New Single-Piece Foldable IOL","volume":"259","author":"Parrulli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Graefe Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"73","article-title":"Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation: Methods and Complications","volume":"23","author":"Bellamy","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fr. Opthalmol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2016.12.024","article-title":"Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation: Complication Rates, Visual Acuity, and Refractive Outcomes","volume":"43","author":"Brunin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80927-3","article-title":"Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation in Aphakia","volume":"18","author":"Hahn","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001584","article-title":"A Novel Technique for Scleral Fixation of Carlevale Intraocular Lens Without Conjunctival Opening Utilizing Hoffman Pockets","volume":"19","author":"Manousakis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Retin. Cases Brief. Rep."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-024-00986-z","article-title":"A New Technique with Scleral Grooves for Sutureless Scleral Fixation of the Carlevale Intraocular Lens","volume":"13","author":"Giannopoulos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ophthalmol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000720","article-title":"Flanged Fixation: Yamane Technique and Its Application","volume":"32","author":"Yamane","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nowomiejska, K., Haszcz, D., Onyszkiewicz, M., Choragiewicz, T., Czarnek-chudzik, A., Szpringer-wabicz, A., Baltaziak, K., Brzozowska, A., Toro, M.D., and Rejdak, R. (2021). Double-Needle Yamane Technique Using Flanged Haptics in Ocular Trauma-A Retrospective Survey of Visual Outcomes and Safety. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10122562"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.5935\/0004-2749.20190072","article-title":"Sutureless Transconjunctival Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Fixation: The Modified Yamane Technique","volume":"82","author":"Yavuzer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arq. Bras. Oftalmol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002185","article-title":"Four-Flanged Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Fixation Technique: No Flaps, No Knots, No Glue","volume":"39","author":"Canabrava","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e985","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20241021-01","article-title":"Refractive Outcome, Lens Power Calculation, and Surgically Induced Astigmatism After Four-Flanged Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Fixation","volume":"40","author":"Schranz","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-023-00341-6","article-title":"Refractive Outcome and Lens Power Calculation after Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Fixation: A Comparison of Three-Piece and One-Piece Intrascleral Fixation Technique","volume":"10","author":"Schranz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eye Vis."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-024-00414-0","article-title":"Recent Advances and Current Challenges in Suture and Sutureless Scleral Fixation Techniques for Intraocular Lens: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eye Vis."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2025.102343","article-title":"New Surgical Technique for Scleral Fixation: A Novel Sutured Approach for Carlevale Lens Implantation","volume":"39","author":"Stewart","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721211049102","article-title":"Combined Transconjunctival Sutureless Three-Port Vitrectomy and Scleral Fixation of Intraocular Lens","volume":"32","author":"Danese","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-023-06217-8","article-title":"A Mini-Invasive Surgical Technique for Carlevale IOL Implantation: Case Series Study and Description of Concomitant Surgery","volume":"262","author":"Danese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Graefe Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2161003","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2161003","article-title":"Novel Sutureless Scleral Fixated IOL for Inadequate or Absent Capsular Support","volume":"2022","author":"Sidiropoulos","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20201207-02","article-title":"Long-Term Outcomes and Complications of the New Carlevale Sutureless Scleral Fixation Posterior Chamber IOL","volume":"37","author":"Vaiano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2021.05.002","article-title":"FIL-SSF Carlevale Intraocular Lens for Sutureless Scleral Fixation: 7 Recommendations from a Serie of 72 Cases. MICA Study (Multicentric Study of the Carlevale IOL)","volume":"42","author":"Rouhette","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Fr. Ophtalmol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672121992978","article-title":"Scleral Fixation of Carlevale Intraocular Lens: A New Tool in Correcting Aphakia with No Capsular Support","volume":"32","author":"Georgalas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672121991358","article-title":"A Novel Approach for Scleral Fixation Using Carlevale Lens","volume":"31","author":"Fiore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000135","article-title":"Trans-Scleral Plugs Fixated IOL: A New Paradigm for Sutureless Scleral Fixation","volume":"46","author":"Barca","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E75","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000700","article-title":"Enhanced Surgical Technique for Sutureless Intrascleral Fixation of Intraocular Lenses","volume":"47","author":"Gabai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seknazi, D., Colantuono, D., Tahiri, R., Amoroso, F., Miere, A., and Souied, E.H. (2021). Secondary Sutureless Posterior Chamber Lens Implantation with Two Specifically Designed IOLs: Iris Claw Lens versus Sutureless Trans-Scleral Plugs Fixated Lens. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10102216"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Franco, F., Serino, F., Vicini, G., Nicolosi, C., and Giansanti, F. (2023). Comparison of Visual and Aberrometric Outcomes in Suture-Free Scleral Fixation: Three-Piece Lenses versus Carlevale Lenses. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12010188"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2018.01.031","article-title":"Risk Factors for Refractive Error after Cataract Surgery: Analysis of 282 811 Cataract Extractions Reported to the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery","volume":"44","author":"Dickman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raimondi, R., Sorrentino, T., Kilian, R., Verma, Y., De Rosa, F.P., Cancian, G., Tsoutsanis, P., Fossati, G., Allegrini, D., and Romano, M.R. (2023). Trans-Scleral Plugs Fixated FIL SSF IOL: A Review of the Literature and Comparison with Other Secondary IOL Implants. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12051994"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.22336\/rjo.2017.3","article-title":"Uveitis-Glaucoma-Hyphaema Syndrome. General Review","volume":"61","author":"Zemba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rom. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"2129","article-title":"Sutureless Scleral Fixation Carlevale IOL: A Review on the Novel Designed Lens","volume":"43","author":"Boselli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003873","article-title":"Scleral Fixation of Carlevale Intraocular Lens","volume":"43","author":"Ripa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-001-0563-z","article-title":"Retropupillary Fixation of the Iris Claw Lens in Aphakia. 1 Year Outcome of a New Implantation Techniques","volume":"99","author":"Mohr","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Forlini, M., Soliman, W., Bratu, A., Rossini, P., Cavallini, G.M., and Forlini, C. (2015). Long-Term Follow-up of Retropupillary Iris-Claw Intraocular Lens Implantation: A Retrospective Analysis. BMC Ophthalmol., 15.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-015-0146-4"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2011.03.051","article-title":"Iris-Claw Intraocular Lenses to Correct Aphakia in the Absence of Capsule Support","volume":"37","author":"Arun","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Long, C., Wei, Y., Yuan, Z., Zhang, Z., Lin, X., and Liu, B. (2015). Modified Technique for Transscleral Fixation of Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses. BMC Ophthalmol., 15.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-015-0118-8"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(02)01526-2","article-title":"Comparison of Secondary Implantation of Flexible Open-Loop Anterior Chamber and Scleral-Fixated Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses","volume":"29","author":"Evereklioglu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbieri, F., Maglionico, M.N., Casini, G., Guidi, G., Figus, M., and Posarelli, C. (2024). Current Evidence for a New Surgical Technique for Scleral Fixation: The Implantation of a Carlevale Lens, a Systematic Review. J. Clin. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13113287"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e290","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.17468","article-title":"Long-term Results after Sutureless Intrascleral Fixation of the Carlevale Intraocular Lens: Changes in Scleral Pocket Thickness over Time","volume":"103","author":"Schranz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marolo, P., Caselgrandi, P., Gaidano, M., Conte, F., Parisi, G., Borrelli, E., Fallico, M., Toro, M.D., Ventre, L., and Vaiano, A.S. (2024). Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Scleral Flap versus Scleral Pocket Technique for Sutureless Intrascleral One-Piece Lens Fixation. J. Clin. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13154452"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E26728","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000026728","article-title":"Comparison of Two Different Scleral Fixation Techniques of Posterior Chamber Carlevale Lens","volume":"100","author":"Fiore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/20\/7309\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T12:15:01Z","timestamp":1760703301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/14\/20\/7309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm14207309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14207309","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]}}}