{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T15:57:44Z","timestamp":1792857464018,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Jones fractures of the 5th metatarsal are frequently associated with nonunion due to limited vascularization and repetitive mechanical stress. The aim of the study was to compare the biomechanical performance of T-plate and bicortical screw fixation using standardized 3D models. Methods: Three-dimensional models of the 5th metatarsal were generated from CT images and printed using PolyJet technology (Stratasys J5 DentaJet) using a rigid-elastic composite with properties similar to cortical and cancellous bone. Jones fractures were fixed with either a locked T-plate or a bicortical screw. The samples were tested under axial and oblique static loads (\u03b1 = 0\u00b0, 90\u00b0, 180\u00b0) and for three values of interfragmentary distance (d = 0.1\u20131 mm), in a 3 \u00d7 2 factorial design. Results: The T-plate fixation recorded a maximum yield force (Fmax) of 149.78 \u00b1 8.53 N (138\u2013161 N), significantly higher compared to the bicortical screw \u221298.56 \u00b1 2.58 N (96\u2013101 N), (p &lt; 0.05). The ductility index was higher for the plate, indicating a progressive transition to yield. The \u03b1 and d factors significantly influenced the mechanical behavior, with the polynomial model explaining over 95% of the total variation. Discussion: The plate fixation demonstrated greater strength and superior biomechanical tolerance in imperfect reduction scenarios. The main limitation is the lack of fatigue testing and the inability of 3D models to reproduce the structural heterogeneity of human bone. Conclusions: Implant selection should be individualized based on fracture stability. 3D models provide a reproducible platform for comparative evaluation of osteosynthesis methods, but future studies should include cyclic loading and biological validation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14207449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:36:31Z","timestamp":1761060991000},"page":"7449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparative Biomechanical Evaluation of Bicortical Screw Versus Plate Fixation in Jones Fractures of the Fifth Metatarsal Using 3D-Printed Models"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1877-7907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert Daniel","family":"Dobrot\u0103","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0354-3986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Pog\u0103r\u0103\u0219teanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Dr. Carol Davila Central University Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dumitru","family":"Ferechide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3938-705X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana-Codru\u021ba","family":"Lebada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Moga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Dr. Carol Davila Central University Emergency Military Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197557060-00010","article-title":"Fractures and anatomical variations of the proximal portion of the fifth metatarsal","volume":"57","author":"Dameron","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. 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