{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:51:02Z","timestamp":1787028662733,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Calcified thoracic disc herniations are a formidable surgical challenge due to their proximity to the spinal cord and the heightened risk of iatrogenic neurological injury. Traditional anterior and posterolateral approaches, while effective in select scenarios, may not provide adequate exposure for large, centrally located calcified discs. Methods: We performed a narrative review of the literature and retrospective case series of seven patients who underwent transpedicular\u2013transdural thoracic discectomy for central or centrolateral calcified disc herniations at our institution in recent years. All patients were followed clinically for a minimum of three months postoperatively. Surgical technique and intraoperative nuances were also documented. Results: The transdural approach enabled direct access to the ventral thoracic spine, allowing for the effective decompression of calcified herniations in all cases. Six out of seven patients (86%) demonstrated clinical improvement or neurological stability at three-month follow-up, while one out of seven patients (14%) who presented with severe preoperative neurological deficits had persisting neurological deterioration postoperatively. The technical aspects of the microsurgical approach were critical to minimizing risk. Conclusions: The transpedicular\u2013transdural approach is a viable and effective surgical option for select cases of central or centrolateral calcified thoracic disc herniation. When executed with a precise microsurgical technique, it offers safe decompression with favourable short-term outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14217741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T18:21:46Z","timestamp":1762194106000},"page":"7741","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Transpedicular Transdural Approach for Calcified Thoracic Disc Herniations: Technical Commentary, Case Series, and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7250-414X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spyridon","family":"Komaitis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie","family":"Najjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dritan","family":"Pasku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Zygogiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"D\u2019Aquino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid M","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.34.1.68","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of thoracic intervertebral disc protrusions","volume":"34","author":"Carson","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. 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