{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T15:15:00Z","timestamp":1776957300929,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010628","name":"Universidad de La Sabana","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MEDESP-98-2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MEDESP-98-2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010628","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains the first-line therapy, but its long-term effectiveness is limited by suboptimal adherence, with only 50\u201360% of patients achieving the recommended use. Evidence on adherence with alternative modalities, such as bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) or oxygen therapy, is even more limited. Furthermore, few studies have directly compared these treatments with each other, particularly in relation to survival outcomes. Objective: Evaluate 5-year survival in patients with OSA treated with CPAP, BIPAP, or oxygen therapy. Methods: A retrospective cohort study with survival analysis was conducted in subjects with OSA followed at a tertiary-level institution in Colombia between January 2005 and December 2021. Results: Among 3039 patients with OSA (mean age 59.6 years; 59.8% male), the five-year mortality rate was 5.8%. Deceased patients presented a higher prevalence of comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (all p &lt; 0.001). Adherence to CPAP was significantly lower in deceased patients. Survival analysis showed the highest five-year survival among adherent CPAP\/Auto-CPAP users (95.6%), followed by non-adherent CPAP (95%) and adherent BiPAP users (94.1%). Lower survival was observed in non-adherent BiPAP users (91.7%) and oxygen therapy patients (80.6%). In multivariable analysis, treatment type, older age, congestive heart failure, chronic lung disease, and metastatic cancer were independently associated with increased mortality risk. Conclusions: Five-year survival in patients with obstructive sleep apnea was significantly associated with the treatment modality and adherence level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14248647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T16:20:29Z","timestamp":1765210829000},"page":"8647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Positive Airway Pressure Therapies and Oxygen Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): 5-Year Survival"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8624-541X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Sebastian","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez Puentes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alirio Rodrigo","family":"Bastidas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"},{"name":"Internal Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Ch\u00eda 170001, Colombia"},{"name":"Clinical Medicine Applied Research Group, Universidad de La Sabana, Ch\u00eda 170001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Andres","family":"Tuta Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"},{"name":"Internal Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Ch\u00eda 170001, Colombia"},{"name":"Epidemiology, Universidad de La Sabana, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3802-4342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan David","family":"Acosta Otero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Leyton Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9889-014X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Diego","family":"Castro C\u00f3rdoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina Mar\u00eda","family":"L\u00f3pez Nu\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Lenhardt Guaqueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Mora Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola Stefanny","family":"Mart\u00ednez S\u00e1enz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5548-3464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charbel Kamil","family":"Faizal Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology, Universidad de La Sabana, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Catalina","family":"Vaca Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Ch\u00eda 170001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristian Felipe","family":"Cardona Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Ch\u00eda 170001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Diaz Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7534-618X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avril Johanna","family":"Rubio Noel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Autonorte de Bogota, Ch\u00eda 250001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13838","article-title":"Global burden of sleep-disordered breathing and its implications","volume":"25","author":"Lyons","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.07.002","article-title":"Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in the general population: A systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Senaratna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med. 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