{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:27:26Z","timestamp":1789576046870,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Combat trauma involving large joints is associated with a high risk of thromboinflammatory complications. Early identification of laboratory markers for hypercoagulability is essential to optimise perioperative management. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of inflammation and haemostasis indicators in patients with combat-related joint trauma and to identify the most informative markers for preoperative risk assessment. Methods: A total of 29 patients with combat injuries to the hip, knee, elbow, or ankle joints were examined. Blood samples were taken 1\u20133 days prior to surgery and again on the first postoperative day. Parameters of coagulation (e.g., PT, INR, fibrinogen, D-dimer, soluble fibrin complexes, antithrombin III), fibrinolysis, and inflammation (e.g., CRP, haptoglobin, sialic acid, ESR, LSI, LII) were analysed and compared to those of 30 healthy controls. Statistical analysis included Student\u2019s t-test and Pearson\u2019s correlation. Results: At baseline, patients demonstrated significant increases in inflammatory markers (CRP 64.2 \u00b1 7.3 mg\/L, \u2191738.9%; haptoglobin 3.25 \u00b1 0.4 g\/L, \u2191164.3%; ESR 46.8 \u00b1 5.2 mm\/h, \u2191313.8%) and procoagulant activity (D-dimer 1.42 \u00b1 0.18 \u00b5g\/mL, \u2191136.6%; fibrinogen 6.12 \u00b1 0.51 g\/L, \u2191102.4%; soluble fibrin complexes 38.7 \u00b1 4.9 mg\/L, \u2191597.3%), together with a reduction in antithrombin III activity (63.5 \u00b1 6.2%, \u219339.5%) and prolonged fibrinolysis time (increase by 197%). Postoperatively, these abnormalities intensified, indicating a sustained thromboinflammatory response. Strong correlations were found between inflammatory and haemostatic markers. Conclusions: Combat trauma of large joints is associated with preoperative thromboinflammatory dysregulation, which is exacerbated by surgery. Monitoring specific biochemical and haematological markers\u2014such as CRP, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and soluble fibrin complexes\u2014may support preoperative risk assessment and postoperative monitoring strategies for hypercoagulable states in this high-risk group. These findings lay the groundwork for future prospective studies aimed at developing stratified therapeutic protocols and predictive models for thromboinflammatory complications in orthopaedic trauma care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15010322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T11:11:46Z","timestamp":1767352306000},"page":"322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dynamics of Haemostatic and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Combat-Related Injuries to Major Joints Before and After Surgical Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Stanislav","family":"Bondarenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, 80 Hryhoriia Skovorody Str., 61024 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2885-3243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Al\u00edas Petralanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Clinic Barcelona, C\/Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuriy","family":"Prudnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 1C Zygmunt Cieplak Str., 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1633-7145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beniamin Oskar","family":"Grabarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 1C Zygmunt Cieplak Str., 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2691-5829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dariusz","family":"Boro\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 1C Zygmunt Cieplak Str., 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Ossowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 1C Zygmunt Cieplak Str., 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5698-2726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volodymyr","family":"Filipenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, 80 Hryhoriia Skovorody Str., 61024 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frida","family":"Leontjeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, 80 Hryhoriia Skovorody Str., 61024 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladislav","family":"Tuljakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, 80 Hryhoriia Skovorody Str., 61024 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fedir","family":"Klymovytskyy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Donetsk National Medical University, 36-a Hasieva Str., 84401 Lyman, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4967","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S429892","article-title":"Inflammation and coagulation are two interconnected pathophysiological pathways in atrial fibrillation pathogenesis","volume":"16","author":"Hazarapetyan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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