{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T01:16:44Z","timestamp":1768526204910,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005632","name":"National Centre for Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STRATEGMED1\/233547\/13\/NCBR\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STRATEGMED1\/233547\/13\/NCBR\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Despite the known benefits of cardiac rehabilitation, it remains underutilized among women. In particular, little is known about the effectiveness of hybrid comprehensive telerehabilitation (HCTR) in women with heart failure (HF). The purpose of this study was to assess effectiveness and safety of HCTR in women with HF. Methods: This analysis formed part of the TELEREH-HF multicenter, randomized trial that enrolled 850 HF patients (NYHA I-III, LVEF \u2264 40%). Patients were randomized 1:1 to HCTR plus usual care (UC) or UC alone. Patients underwent either HCTR (1 week in hospital and 8 weeks at home, five times weekly) or UC with observation. The effectiveness of HCTR was assessed by changes in peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), workload duration (t) in cardiopulmonary exercise test and quality of life (QoL) based on Medical Outcome Survey Short Form 36 Questionnaire (SF-36). Measurements were taken before and after intervention\/observation. Results: Women constituted 11.5% of the TELEREH-HF study population. Forty women in the HCTR group and 44 women in the UC group completed program and observation, respectively. HCTR resulted in a significant improvement in VO2peak (13.4 \u00b1 4.3 vs. 14.3 \u00b1 4.6; 95%CI 0.91 [0.05; 1.77], p = 0.038), workload duration (301 \u00b1 162.3 vs. 334 \u00b1 156.6; 95%CI 33 [5; 60], p = 0.022) and SF-36 overall score (85.9 \u00b1 13.6 vs. 89.9 \u00b1 13.5; 95%CI 4.0 [0.6; 7.4], p = 0.024). These favorable results were not observed in the UC group VO2peak (14.2 \u00b1 4.8 vs. 14.2 \u00b1 4.8; 95%CI 0.02 [\u22121.20; 1.24], p = 0.971) and SF-36 overall score (89.1 \u00b1 17.4 vs. 89.5 \u00b1 15.8; 95%CI 4.0 [\u22122.1; 2.8], p = 0.796), except for an increase workload duration (268 \u00b1 138.4 vs. 300 \u00b1 130.1; 95%CI 32 [2; 62], p = 0.036). The HCTR group showed a significantly greater improvement in the physical component of QoL than the UC group. In neither group were there deaths nor major adverse events related to exercise training. Conclusions: Among women with heart failure, hybrid comprehensive telerehabilitation appears safe and leads to statistically significant although moderate improvements in physical capacity and quality of life. However, due to the small sample size, further studies in larger female populations are needed to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15020694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T08:26:36Z","timestamp":1768465596000},"page":"694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness and Safety of Hybrid Comprehensive Telerehabilitation in Women with Heart Failure\u2014A Subanalysis of the TELEREH-HF Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ewa","family":"Piotrowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Telecardiology Center, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"G\u0142\u00f3wczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1969-8379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominika","family":"Szalewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, 80-210 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8040-5109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilona","family":"Kowalik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3443-1231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Orzechowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telecardiology Center, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Pluta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Silesian Medical University, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Kalarus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Silesian Medical University, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7464-2343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Mierzy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5090-2385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela","family":"Jaworska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Silesian Medical University, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9276-7273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Irzma\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, 90-647 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryszard","family":"Piotrowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-012-0107-7","article-title":"Gender differences in the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and outcomes of heart failure","volume":"9","author":"Dunlay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. 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