{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T02:57:27Z","timestamp":1791082647863,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The pattern of invasion describes the arrangement of neoplastic cells along the tumor infiltrative front and refers to the way cancer infiltrates tissue at the tumor\/host interface. Accumulating evidence suggested that the Worst Pattern of Invasion (WPOI) represents an independent prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, it is still considered a minor prognostic criterion, and it is recommended as an optional report component in the College of American Pathologists (CAP) guideline. Methods: Therefore, the study aims to extensively review the literature data regarding the prognostic role of the WPOI in OSCC. Results: The WPOI resulted as an independent prognostic factor for locoregional recurrences (LRRs), lymph node metastasis (LMN), overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and bone tissue infiltration, regardless of the oral subsite and the pathological stage. Moreover, several authors suggested the evaluation of the WPOI to lead the postoperative management and to determine the occult LNM in early-stage OSCC. Conclusions: The prognostic relevance of the WPOI in OSCC highlights its evaluation in pathological daily practice. Therefore, the WPOI-detection method and scoring system should be validated based on the tumor stage and site.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15030965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T09:21:40Z","timestamp":1769505700000},"page":"965","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prognostic Role of Worst Pattern of Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lucrezia","family":"Togni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10\/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7304-3752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Mascitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10\/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo Maria Antonio","family":"Staffinati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10\/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3508-5847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Consorti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10\/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Neurological Sciences, Marche University Hospitals-Umberto I, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4267-6992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaetano","family":"Isola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6127-6105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucio Lo","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4218-3354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Santarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10\/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy"},{"name":"Dentistry Clinic, National Institute of Health and Science of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Via Tronto 10\/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (2025, December 01). 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