{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:37:24Z","timestamp":1792031844321,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Lower limb amputation affects physical function, mental health, and body image. Rehabilitation outcomes depend on both psychological adjustment and functional performance, including mobility and prosthesis satisfaction. This study aimed to evaluate psychological adjustment, activity restriction, and prosthesis satisfaction among lower-limb prosthetic users in Jordan using the Arabic TAPES-R. Objective: To assess, using a validated tool, the psychological adjustment, activity restriction, and prosthesis satisfaction of lower-limb prosthetic users in Jordan, aligning with the study title and cross-sectional design. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 74 unilateral lower-limb prosthetic users (66.2% male, mean age 42.4 \u00b1 13.1 years). Sociodemographic and body composition characteristics were recorded. Participants completed the Arabic TAPES-R between September 2024 and April 2025. The TAPES-R measured psychosocial adjustment, activity restriction, and prosthesis satisfaction. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbach\u2019s alpha for internal consistency, independent-samples t-tests, and Pearson correlations (p &lt; 0.05). Results: Participants demonstrated generally positive psychosocial adjustment (Psychosocial Total = 3.08 \u00b1 0.52) and moderate prosthesis satisfaction (Total Satisfaction = 2.23 \u00b1 0.47), with variable activity restriction (8.76 \u00b1 5.61). Internal consistency was strong across TAPES-R subscales (\u03b1 = 0.816\u20130.955). Functional Satisfaction was higher in those with transfemoral than transtibial amputation (p = 0.041). Psychosocial adjustment correlated positively with prosthesis satisfaction (r = 0.48, p &lt; 0.001) and negatively with activity restriction (r = \u22120.52, p &lt; 0.001). Residual limb pain (45.9%) was associated with higher activity restriction (p = 0.022), and phantom limb pain (55.4%) with lower prosthetic satisfaction (p = 0.031). Conclusions: The Arabic TAPES-R effectively identifies psychological adjustment, activity restriction, and prosthesis satisfaction in lower-limb prosthetic users in Jordan. Participants generally reported positive psychosocial adjustment and moderate prosthesis satisfaction, but functional limitations remain, particularly in those with residual or phantom limb pain. These findings support the use of the TAPES-R as a clinical and research screening tool and provide guidance for targeted rehabilitation interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15031291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T10:05:47Z","timestamp":1770372347000},"page":"1291","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assessing Lower-Limb Prosthetic Users with the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale-Revised: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6746-7543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huthaifa","family":"Atallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6087-5439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amneh","family":"Alshawabka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2511-1658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Alfatafta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2286-1883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tariq","family":"Alkhatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Al Basheer Hospitals Complex, Amman 11118, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwan","family":"Taher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Al Basheer Hospitals Complex, Amman 11118, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wafaa","family":"Saqer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Remote Digital for Medical Equipment Trading LLC, Amman 11181, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8488-9245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naqaa","family":"Obaidat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Remote Digital for Medical Equipment Trading LLC, Amman 11181, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3000-880X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadeel R.","family":"Bakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"McGarry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NW, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2192-4312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B\u00e1lint","family":"Molics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of P\u00e9cs, 7621 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280410001708869","article-title":"Psychosocial adjustment to lower-limb amputation: A review","volume":"26","author":"Horgan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Disabil. 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